C) Binary fission is the method of reproduction in bacteria in which the bacterial cell divides into two parts and the daughter cell is a clone formed by the mother bacterial cell . the clone cell again divides after fully grown with the method of binary fission and once again forms another daughter clone cell and this process continues,,

Binary fission

Binary fission is the process by which bacteria reproduce asexually, resulting in the formation of two identical daughter cells, or clones. This process is the most common method of bacterial reproduction and allows for rapid population growth.

Process of Binary Fission

1. Cell Growth: Before binary fission can occur, the bacterial cell must undergo a period of growth. During this phase, the cell accumulates the necessary nutrients and energy required for replication.

2. DNA Replication: Once the cell has reached a sufficient size, it begins the process of DNA replication. The bacterial chromosome, which is a single circular strand of DNA, is duplicated.

3. Cell Division: After DNA replication is complete, the cell begins to divide. The cell membrane and cell wall constrict at the midpoint, forming a structure known as the septum. This septum eventually separates the two daughter cells.

4. Formation of Daughter Cells: As the septum continues to grow, it completely separates the two daughter cells, resulting in the formation of two identical bacterial cells. Each daughter cell contains a complete copy of the original bacterial chromosome.

5. Cell Separation: Finally, the two daughter cells separate completely, and each is now capable of independent growth and reproduction.

Significance of Binary Fission

Binary fission allows bacteria to rapidly multiply and colonize their environment. Since each daughter cell is genetically identical to the parent cell, binary fission ensures the preservation of desirable traits within a bacterial population.

Furthermore, binary fission plays a crucial role in the spread of bacterial infections. As bacteria divide and multiply, they can quickly overwhelm the host's immune system and cause disease.

In summary, binary fission is the process by which bacteria reproduce asexually, resulting in the formation of two identical daughter cells. This process allows for rapid population growth and the spread of bacterial infections.