Answer:

Introduction:
The White Sea is an important body of water located in the northwest part of Russia. It is connected to the Barents Sea to the north and is bordered by several Russian regions. The White Sea serves as a significant transportation route and has several important ports along its coastline. One of these ports is Arkhangelsk, which is the correct answer to the question.

Arkhangelsk - The Important Port:
Arkhangelsk is a major port city located on the White Sea in the Arkhangelsk Oblast of Russia. It is situated at the mouth of the Northern Dvina River and serves as an important trade and transportation hub for the region. Arkhangelsk has a long history as a significant port, dating back to the 16th century when it was a key center for the Russian Empire's maritime trade.

Significance:
Arkhangelsk's location on the White Sea makes it a crucial gateway to the Arctic Ocean and the Northern Sea Route. The Northern Sea Route is a shipping lane that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean, passing along the Russian Arctic coastline. This route is becoming increasingly important due to the melting of sea ice in the Arctic, allowing for shorter and more efficient shipping routes between Europe and Asia.

Trade and Transport:
Arkhangelsk handles a significant amount of cargo, particularly in the form of timber, minerals, and oil products. The port has extensive facilities for loading and unloading cargo, including specialized terminals for different types of goods. It also has modern infrastructure and deep-water berths that can accommodate large vessels.

Historical Importance:
In addition to its current significance as a trade and transport hub, Arkhangelsk also has historical importance. During the Russian Empire, it was the main port for international trade, connecting Russia with Western Europe. It served as a center for exploring and colonizing Siberia and played a crucial role in the economic development of the Russian Empire.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the important port on the White Sea is Arkhangelsk. Its strategic location, historical significance, and role in trade and transportation make it a vital hub in the region. The port of Arkhangelsk connects Russia with the Arctic and the Northern Sea Route, facilitating international trade and enabling access to valuable resources in the region.