Battle of Buxar

The correct answer is option 'B', the Battle of Buxar. The Battle of Buxar was fought on October 22, 1764, between the forces of the British East India Company and the combined army of the Nawabs of Bengal, Awadh, and the Mughal Emperor. It resulted in a decisive victory for the British, which led to the signing of the Treaty of Allahabad.

Treaty of Allahabad

The Treaty of Allahabad was signed on August 16, 1765, after the Battle of Buxar. It was a significant treaty between the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II and Robert Clive, the representative of the British East India Company. The treaty marked a turning point in Indian history as it established British political and administrative control over large parts of northern and eastern India.

Key Points:
- The Treaty of Allahabad granted the British East India Company the diwani rights, which allowed them to collect revenue and administer the civil justice system in the provinces of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa.
- The diwani rights effectively gave the British control over the economic and administrative affairs of these regions.
- The British also gained the right to collect revenue from the Mughal Emperor's territories in Allahabad and Kora.
- In return, the British agreed to pay an annual tribute to the Mughal Emperor and provide him with a fixed sum of money.
- The treaty further weakened the already declining Mughal Empire and consolidated British power in India.
- It marked the beginning of the British Raj in India and laid the foundation for their subsequent territorial expansion and dominance.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the Battle of Buxar ended with the signing of the Treaty of Allahabad. This treaty gave the British East India Company significant political and administrative control over parts of northern and eastern India, marking a crucial turning point in Indian history.