Understanding Multiple Allele Systems
In genetics, a multiple allele system refers to the presence of more than two alleles for a given gene in a population. However, it’s essential to distinguish between alleles present in the population and those present in a gamete.
Alleles in Gametes
- A gamete (sperm or egg) is a reproductive cell that carries genetic information.
- Each gamete contains only one allele for each gene, which is crucial for maintaining the stability of genetic inheritance.
Why One Allele?
- During the process of meiosis, which produces gametes, alleles segregate so that each gamete receives only one allele from each pair.
- This ensures that when gametes fuse during fertilization, the resulting zygote will have two alleles (one from each parent).
Implications of Multiple Alleles
- In a multiple allele system, while a gene may have several alleles (e.g., A, B, and O in blood type), any individual organism can only possess two of these alleles (one from each parent).
- However, when gametes are formed, they can only carry one allele, thus maintaining the integrity of inheritance.
Conclusion
In summary, while multiple alleles exist for a gene within a population, each gamete carries only one allele. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is option 'C' — a gamete possesses one allele. Understanding this principle is fundamental for genetics and is particularly relevant for NEET aspirants.