The general formula for an aliphatic alcohol is R-OH. Let's break down this formula to understand it in detail.

Explanation:
1. Definition of aliphatic alcohol:
An aliphatic alcohol is a type of organic compound that contains a hydroxyl (-OH) functional group attached to an aliphatic (non-aromatic) carbon chain. Aliphatic compounds are organic compounds that do not contain a benzene ring.

2. General structure of aliphatic alcohols:
The general formula for aliphatic alcohols is R-OH, where R represents an alkyl group. An alkyl group is a branch or chain of carbon atoms that may be saturated or unsaturated.

3. Functional group:
The hydroxyl (-OH) group is the functional group in aliphatic alcohols. This group consists of an oxygen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom. It imparts certain chemical and physical properties to alcohols.

4. Examples:
Some examples of aliphatic alcohols include methanol (CH3OH), ethanol (C2H5OH), and propanol (C3H7OH). In these examples, the alkyl groups are methyl (CH3-), ethyl (C2H5-), and propyl (C3H7-), respectively.

5. Properties of aliphatic alcohols:
Aliphatic alcohols have various properties due to the presence of the hydroxyl group. These properties include high boiling points, solubility in water, ability to form hydrogen bonds, and reactivity in various chemical reactions.

6. Uses of aliphatic alcohols:
Aliphatic alcohols are widely used in various industries and applications. They are used as solvents, antiseptics, disinfectants, fuels, and as raw materials in the production of various chemicals and pharmaceuticals.

In conclusion, the general formula for an aliphatic alcohol is R-OH, where R represents an alkyl group. Aliphatic alcohols are organic compounds that contain a hydroxyl group attached to an aliphatic carbon chain. They have various properties and are widely used in different industries.