Measures and Practices by French Revolution to Create Collective Identity:

1. National Symbols:
The French Revolution introduced national symbols such as the tricolor flag, which represented the unity of the nation. These symbols helped create a sense of shared identity among the French people.

2. National Anthem:
The revolutionaries also introduced the national anthem, "La Marseillaise," which became a powerful tool for fostering a sense of collective identity and patriotism among the people.

3. Civic Education:
The French Revolution emphasized the importance of civic education to instill republican values in the population. This included promoting the principles of liberty, equality, and fraternity among the citizens.

4. Citizenship Rights:
The revolutionaries granted citizenship rights to all free men, regardless of their social status. This move aimed to create a more inclusive society and foster a sense of belonging among the citizens.

5. Public Celebrations:
Public celebrations and festivals were organized to commemorate significant events in the revolution and to unite the people in their common cause. These events helped foster a sense of collective identity among the masses.

6. Secularism:
The French Revolution promoted secularism and the separation of church and state, which helped create a shared identity based on citizenship rather than religious affiliation.

Overall, the measures and practices introduced by the French Revolution played a crucial role in creating a sense of collective identity among the French people. By emphasizing national symbols, civic education, citizenship rights, public celebrations, and secularism, the revolutionaries were able to unite the population around common values and principles.