At the beginning of the Swadeshi Movement in 1905, the Secretary of the Bangiya Sahitya Parishad was Rabindranath Tagore. He played a pivotal role in the movement and was actively involved in promoting the idea of Swadeshi, which aimed at boycotting British goods and promoting Indian products.

Below are the details explaining the Swadeshi Movement and Rabindranath Tagore's role:

The Swadeshi Movement:
- The Swadeshi Movement was a socio-economic and political movement that emerged in India during the early 20th century.
- It was initially launched as a protest against the British partition of Bengal in 1905, which was perceived as a divide-and-rule policy.
- The movement gained momentum and became a symbol of Indian nationalism and resistance against British rule.
- It aimed at promoting Indian industries, boycotting British goods, and encouraging the use of indigenous products.

Rabindranath Tagore:
- Rabindranath Tagore, also known as Gurudev, was a polymath, poet, philosopher, musician, and artist.
- He was born on May 7, 1861, in Calcutta (now Kolkata), British India.
- Tagore was one of the key figures in the Bengal Renaissance and played a significant role in shaping modern Indian literature and art.
- He was the first non-European Nobel laureate, winning the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913.
- Tagore's works, including his poems, songs, and plays, reflected his deep love for India and its culture.

Rabindranath Tagore and the Swadeshi Movement:
- Rabindranath Tagore actively participated in the Swadeshi Movement and used his influence to promote the idea of Swadeshi.
- He advocated for the boycott of British goods and emphasized the importance of self-reliance and the development of indigenous industries.
- Tagore believed that economic independence was a crucial step towards political freedom.
- He composed numerous patriotic songs and poems that became anthems of the Swadeshi Movement, inspiring the masses to join the cause.
- Tagore's deep connection with the people and his ability to express their emotions through his writings made him a prominent figure in the movement.

Conclusion:
At the beginning of the Swadeshi Movement in 1905, Rabindranath Tagore served as the Secretary of the Bangiya Sahitya Parishad. His contributions to the movement, both through his writings and active participation, played a vital role in mobilizing people and promoting the idea of Swadeshi. Tagore's influence extended beyond the literary realm and made a significant impact on the socio-political landscape of India during that time.