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Which of the following sequences of the steps involved in the process of polymerisation of amino acids to form a polypeptide is correct?
(1) Activation of amino acids, Termination of polypeptide synthesis, Elongation of polypeptide synthesis, Initiation of polypeptide synthesis
(2) Initiation of polypeptide synthesis, Activation of amino acids, Elongation of polypeptide synthesis, Termination of polypeptide synthesis
(3) Termination of polypeptide synthesis, Elongation of polypeptide synthesis, Activation of amino acids, Initiation of polypeptide synthesis
(4) Activation of amino acids, Initiation of polypeptide synthesis, Elongation of polypeptide synthesis, Termination of polypeptide synthesis
- a)(1)
- b)(2)
- c)(3)
- d)(4)
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Most Upvoted Answer
Which of the following sequences of the steps involved in the process...
The correct sequence of steps involved in the process of polymerisation of amino acids to form a polypeptide is option (4):
(4) Activation of amino acids, Initiation of polypeptide synthesis, Elongation of polypeptide synthesis, Termination of polypeptide synthesis.
Explanation:
1. Activation of amino acids:
- Amino acids are activated by attaching them to specific molecules called transfer RNA (tRNA).
- This process requires the hydrolysis of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) to AMP (adenosine monophosphate), which provides the energy required for the attachment of amino acids to tRNA.
- This step ensures that each amino acid is correctly matched with its corresponding tRNA molecule.
2. Initiation of polypeptide synthesis:
- The first step in protein synthesis is the initiation of polypeptide synthesis.
- The small ribosomal subunit binds to the mRNA (messenger RNA) molecule and moves along it until it reaches the start codon.
- The start codon is usually AUG (adenine, uracil, guanine), which codes for the amino acid methionine.
- The large ribosomal subunit then joins the small subunit, and the initiation complex is formed.
3. Elongation of polypeptide synthesis:
- Once the initiation complex is formed, the process of elongation begins.
- The ribosome moves along the mRNA molecule, reading the codons and matching them with the appropriate tRNA molecules.
- Each tRNA carries a specific amino acid that is added to the growing polypeptide chain.
- Peptide bonds are formed between adjacent amino acids, resulting in the elongation of the polypeptide chain.
- This process continues until a stop codon is reached.
4. Termination of polypeptide synthesis:
- When a stop codon is encountered, it signals the end of polypeptide synthesis.
- Release factors bind to the stop codon, causing the ribosome to disassemble and release the completed polypeptide chain.
- The polypeptide then folds into its three-dimensional structure, which determines its function.
In summary, the correct sequence of steps involved in the process of polymerisation of amino acids to form a polypeptide is activation of amino acids, initiation of polypeptide synthesis, elongation of polypeptide synthesis, and termination of polypeptide synthesis.
(4) Activation of amino acids, Initiation of polypeptide synthesis, Elongation of polypeptide synthesis, Termination of polypeptide synthesis.
Explanation:
1. Activation of amino acids:
- Amino acids are activated by attaching them to specific molecules called transfer RNA (tRNA).
- This process requires the hydrolysis of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) to AMP (adenosine monophosphate), which provides the energy required for the attachment of amino acids to tRNA.
- This step ensures that each amino acid is correctly matched with its corresponding tRNA molecule.
2. Initiation of polypeptide synthesis:
- The first step in protein synthesis is the initiation of polypeptide synthesis.
- The small ribosomal subunit binds to the mRNA (messenger RNA) molecule and moves along it until it reaches the start codon.
- The start codon is usually AUG (adenine, uracil, guanine), which codes for the amino acid methionine.
- The large ribosomal subunit then joins the small subunit, and the initiation complex is formed.
3. Elongation of polypeptide synthesis:
- Once the initiation complex is formed, the process of elongation begins.
- The ribosome moves along the mRNA molecule, reading the codons and matching them with the appropriate tRNA molecules.
- Each tRNA carries a specific amino acid that is added to the growing polypeptide chain.
- Peptide bonds are formed between adjacent amino acids, resulting in the elongation of the polypeptide chain.
- This process continues until a stop codon is reached.
4. Termination of polypeptide synthesis:
- When a stop codon is encountered, it signals the end of polypeptide synthesis.
- Release factors bind to the stop codon, causing the ribosome to disassemble and release the completed polypeptide chain.
- The polypeptide then folds into its three-dimensional structure, which determines its function.
In summary, the correct sequence of steps involved in the process of polymerisation of amino acids to form a polypeptide is activation of amino acids, initiation of polypeptide synthesis, elongation of polypeptide synthesis, and termination of polypeptide synthesis.
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Community Answer
Which of the following sequences of the steps involved in the process...
To generate a polypeptide, new amino acids are added sequentially (and exclusively) to the C-terminal end of the polymer. A peptide bond forms between the amino group of the added amino acid and the carboxylic acid group of the polymer; the formation of a peptide bond is associated with the release of a water molecule. The correct sequence is
1. Activation of amino acids
2. Initiation of polypeptide synthesis
3. Elongation of polypeptide synthesis
4. Termination of polypeptide synthesis
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