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Arrange the following events in a correct sequence in the life cycle of Pteridophytes.
I. Fertilization
II. Liberation of spores
III. Prothallus formation
IV. Embryo formation
- a)II, III, I, IV
- b)IV, III, II, I
- c)I, II, III, IV
- d)I, IV, III, II
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Arrange the following events in a correct sequence in the life cycle ...
Pteridophyta dominant life cycle is sporophyte. Spores germinate to give rise to small, photosynthetic, multicellular and free-floating prothallus which is gametophyte stages. Prothallus contains antheridia and archegonia. Fertilization occurs leading to zygote formation.
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Arrange the following events in a correct sequence in the life cycle ...
Life Cycle of Pteridophytes:
1. Liberation of Spores:
- The life cycle of pteridophytes begins with the liberation of spores.
- These spores are produced in sporangia, which are located on the underside of fern leaves.
- When the sporangia mature, they burst open and release the spores into the environment.
2. Prothallus Formation:
- The spores are dispersed by wind or water and eventually land on a suitable substrate.
- Upon landing, the spores germinate and develop into a small, heart-shaped structure known as a prothallus.
- The prothallus is the gametophyte stage of the pteridophyte life cycle.
3. Fertilization:
- The prothallus produces both male and female reproductive structures.
- The male reproductive structures, called antheridia, produce sperm cells.
- The female reproductive structures, called archegonia, produce egg cells.
- Water is required for fertilization to occur as the sperm cells need to swim to the archegonia to fertilize the egg cells.
4. Embryo Formation:
- Once fertilization occurs, the egg cell develops into an embryo.
- The embryo remains attached to the prothallus and begins to develop into a new sporophyte plant.
- The sporophyte grows and eventually produces sporangia, starting the cycle again.
Correct Sequence:
The correct sequence in the life cycle of pteridophytes is as follows:
II. Liberation of spores
III. Prothallus formation
I. Fertilization
IV. Embryo formation
Explanation:
- The liberation of spores is the starting point of the pteridophyte life cycle. Spores are released from mature sporangia.
- These spores germinate and develop into the prothallus, which is the gametophyte stage.
- The prothallus produces both male and female reproductive structures, leading to fertilization.
- Fertilization results in the formation of an embryo, which develops into a new sporophyte plant.
Therefore, the correct sequence is II, III, I, IV.
1. Liberation of Spores:
- The life cycle of pteridophytes begins with the liberation of spores.
- These spores are produced in sporangia, which are located on the underside of fern leaves.
- When the sporangia mature, they burst open and release the spores into the environment.
2. Prothallus Formation:
- The spores are dispersed by wind or water and eventually land on a suitable substrate.
- Upon landing, the spores germinate and develop into a small, heart-shaped structure known as a prothallus.
- The prothallus is the gametophyte stage of the pteridophyte life cycle.
3. Fertilization:
- The prothallus produces both male and female reproductive structures.
- The male reproductive structures, called antheridia, produce sperm cells.
- The female reproductive structures, called archegonia, produce egg cells.
- Water is required for fertilization to occur as the sperm cells need to swim to the archegonia to fertilize the egg cells.
4. Embryo Formation:
- Once fertilization occurs, the egg cell develops into an embryo.
- The embryo remains attached to the prothallus and begins to develop into a new sporophyte plant.
- The sporophyte grows and eventually produces sporangia, starting the cycle again.
Correct Sequence:
The correct sequence in the life cycle of pteridophytes is as follows:
II. Liberation of spores
III. Prothallus formation
I. Fertilization
IV. Embryo formation
Explanation:
- The liberation of spores is the starting point of the pteridophyte life cycle. Spores are released from mature sporangia.
- These spores germinate and develop into the prothallus, which is the gametophyte stage.
- The prothallus produces both male and female reproductive structures, leading to fertilization.
- Fertilization results in the formation of an embryo, which develops into a new sporophyte plant.
Therefore, the correct sequence is II, III, I, IV.
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Arrange the following events in a correct sequence in the life cycle of Pteridophytes.I. FertilizationII. Liberation of sporesIII. Prothallus formationIV. Embryo formationa)II, III, I, IVb)IV, III, II, Ic)I, II, III, IVd)I, IV, III, IICorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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