Homologous organs - same structure but different function.Eg- forelimbs of human and frog.(same structure but used for different purpose such as in man for eating,holding and in frog for jumping).Analogus organs- different structure but same function.Eg-wings of bat and bird. (they have different structure but used for same purpose of flying)

Homologous and Analogous Organs: Understanding the Difference

Understanding the difference between homologous and analogous organs can be confusing at first, but with a clear explanation, you'll be able to differentiate between the two easily. Let's break it down:

Homologous Organs:
Homologous organs are those that have a similar structure but may have different functions. These organs are derived from a common ancestor and show evolutionary relationships. Homologous organs share a similar basic structure, but they may have adapted differently in different species to perform different functions.

Key points about homologous organs:

1. Origin: Homologous organs have a common origin and are derived from the same structure in a common ancestor.
2. Structure: They have a similar basic structure, indicating a common ancestry.
3. Function: Although they may have different functions in different organisms, they perform similar roles in terms of their basic structure and organization.
4. Example: The forelimbs of vertebrates, such as human arms, bat wings, whale flippers, and horse legs, are homologous organs. They have the same basic bone structure, but with modifications to suit their specific functions.

Analogous Organs:
Analogous organs, on the other hand, are those that have a similar function but may have different structures. These organs do not share a common ancestry and have evolved independently in different species to perform similar functions in similar environments.

Key points about analogous organs:

1. Origin: Analogous organs do not have a common origin and are not derived from the same structure in a common ancestor.
2. Structure: They have different structures, indicating independent evolution.
3. Function: Analogous organs have similar functions in different organisms, but their structures and organization may differ.
4. Example: The wings of birds and insects are analogous organs. Both serve the function of flying, but their structures and development are entirely different.

Summary:
In summary, the main difference between homologous and analogous organs lies in their origin, structure, and evolutionary relationships. Homologous organs have a common origin, similar basic structure, and different functions, while analogous organs have different origins, different structures, and similar functions. Understanding these differences can help you distinguish between the two and comprehend the concept of evolutionary relationships among organisms.