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Which of the following pairs are not correctly matched?
  1. Mahajanapada era: Northern Black Polished Ware
  2. Harappan era: Painted Greyware
  3. Iron age: Black and Red Ware
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
  • a)
    1 and 2 only
  • b)
    1 and 3 only
  • c)
    1 only
  • d)
    1, 2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Most Upvoted Answer
Which of the following pairs are not correctly matched? Mahajanapada e...
Mahajanapada era: Northern Black Polished Ware
Harappan era: Painted Greyware
Iron age: Black and Red Ware

The correct answer is option 'C' - 1 only.

Explanation:
- The Mahajanapada era is associated with Northern Black Polished Ware (NBPW). This era refers to the period of ancient India from the 6th century BCE to the 4th century BCE when sixteen great kingdoms or mahajanapadas emerged across the Indo-Gangetic plains. NBPW was a distinctive type of pottery characterized by its lustrous black surface and fine craftsmanship. It was prevalent during this era and played a significant role in trade and cultural exchange.
- The Harappan era, also known as the Indus Valley Civilization, existed from approximately 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE. It was a highly advanced urban civilization that thrived along the Indus River and its tributaries in present-day Pakistan and northwest India. The pottery associated with this civilization is known as the Harappan or Indus Valley Ware, not Painted Greyware. The Harappan pottery was typically red or brown in color and often displayed intricate designs and motifs.
- The Iron Age in India is associated with the usage of iron and the rise of Iron Age cultures. Black and Red Ware (BRW) is a type of pottery associated with this period. It is characterized by its black exterior and red interior, hence the name. BRW was prevalent during the Iron Age, which began around 1200 BCE in India. This period marked a significant shift in technology, as iron tools and weapons became widespread, leading to major changes in agriculture, trade, and society.

Therefore, the pair "Harappan era: Painted Greyware" is not correctly matched. The Harappan era is associated with Harappan or Indus Valley Ware, not Painted Greyware.
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Community Answer
Which of the following pairs are not correctly matched? Mahajanapada e...
Northern Black Polished Ware (abbreviated NBPW or NBP) is an urban Iron Age culture of the Indian Subcontinent, lasting c. 700–200 BCE, succeeding the Painted Grey Ware culture and Black and red ware culture. It developed beginning around 700 BC, in the late Vedic period, and peaked from c. 500–300 BC, coinciding with the emergence of 16 great states or mahajanapadas in Northern India, and the subsequent rise of the Mauryan Empire. Therefore, pair (1) is correctly matched.
  • The Painted Grey Ware culture is an Iron Age Indian culture of the western Gangetic plain and the Ghaggar-Hakra valley on the Indian subcontinent, lasting from roughly 1200 BCE to 600 BCE. It has almost no temporal overlap with Harappan culture.
  • Therefore, pair (2) is not correct. The black and red ware culture (BRW) is a late Bronze Age Indian and early Iron Age Indian archaeological pottery culture. It is sandwiched between OCP and Painted Grey Ware (PGW).
  • The characteristic features of BRW are the black colour inside and near the rim on the outside, and red colour over the rest of the body. This colour combination was produced by inverted firing. BRW pottery has a wide regional distribution. It also covers a vast time span from 2400 BC to the early centuries of the Christian era. Therefore, pair (3) is correct.
Therefore, the correct answer is (c).
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