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Which of the following is correct with regard to Bose-Einstein condensate?
- a)It is the fifth state of matter.
- b)It is a range of subatomic particles responsible for giving matter different properties.
- c)It is a group of elementary particles forming basic building block of the matter.
- d)An electrically conducting medium produced when the atoms in a gas become ionized.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Which of the following is correct with regard to Bose-Einstein conden...
- Of the five states, the matter can be in, the Bose-Einstein condensate is perhaps the most mysterious. Gases, liquids, solids, and plasmas were all well studied for decades, if not centuries; Bose- Einstein condensates weren't created in the laboratory until the 1990s.
- A Bose-Einstein condensate is a group of atoms cooled to within a hair of absolute zero. When they reach that temperature the atoms are hardly moving relative to each other; they have almost no free energy to do so. At that point, the atoms begin to clump together and enter the same energy states. They become identical, from a physical point of view, and the whole group starts behaving as though it were a single atom.
- This state was first predicted, generally, in 1924–1925 by Albert Einstein following and crediting a pioneering paper by Satyendra Nath Bose on the new field now known as quantum statistics. One application for BEC is for the building of so-called atom lasers, which could have applications ranging from atomic-scale lithography to measurement and detection of gravitational fields. Hence the correct option is (a).
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Which of the following is correct with regard to Bose-Einstein conden...
The correct answer is option A: Bose-Einstein condensate is the fifth state of matter.
Explanation:
Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is a unique state of matter that was first predicted by Albert Einstein and Satyendra Nath Bose in the 1920s. It was experimentally achieved in 1995 by Eric Cornell, Carl Wieman, and Wolfgang Ketterle.
BEC is formed by cooling a gas of bosonic particles, such as atoms, to extremely low temperatures, close to absolute zero. At these temperatures, the particles lose their individual identities and begin to behave as a single entity, exhibiting quantum mechanical phenomena on a macroscopic scale.
Key Points:
1. Fifth State of Matter: Bose-Einstein condensate is considered the fifth state of matter, in addition to the four classical states of solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. It is characterized by a unique set of properties that distinguish it from the other states.
2. Quantum Effects: In a BEC, a large number of particles occupy the lowest energy state, known as the ground state. This leads to the formation of a coherent matter wave, where all the particles are in the same quantum state and exhibit wave-like properties, such as interference and superfluidity.
3. Low Temperatures: Achieving a Bose-Einstein condensate requires extremely low temperatures, typically on the order of nanokelvins. At such low temperatures, the thermal energy of the particles is much smaller than the energy spacing between quantum states, allowing them to condense into the lowest energy state.
4. Experimental Realization: BEC was first realized using ultra-cold atomic gases. By using laser cooling and evaporative cooling techniques, researchers were able to cool a dilute gas of bosonic atoms to temperatures below the critical temperature, resulting in the formation of a BEC.
5. Applications: Bose-Einstein condensates have opened up new avenues of research in the field of quantum physics. They have been used to study fundamental phenomena, such as superfluidity, atom interferometry, and quantum optics. Additionally, BECs have potential applications in precision measurements, quantum computing, and the development of new types of sensors.
In conclusion, Bose-Einstein condensate is the fifth state of matter, formed by cooling a gas of bosonic particles to extremely low temperatures. It exhibits unique quantum mechanical properties and has significant implications for both fundamental research and technological applications.
Explanation:
Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is a unique state of matter that was first predicted by Albert Einstein and Satyendra Nath Bose in the 1920s. It was experimentally achieved in 1995 by Eric Cornell, Carl Wieman, and Wolfgang Ketterle.
BEC is formed by cooling a gas of bosonic particles, such as atoms, to extremely low temperatures, close to absolute zero. At these temperatures, the particles lose their individual identities and begin to behave as a single entity, exhibiting quantum mechanical phenomena on a macroscopic scale.
Key Points:
1. Fifth State of Matter: Bose-Einstein condensate is considered the fifth state of matter, in addition to the four classical states of solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. It is characterized by a unique set of properties that distinguish it from the other states.
2. Quantum Effects: In a BEC, a large number of particles occupy the lowest energy state, known as the ground state. This leads to the formation of a coherent matter wave, where all the particles are in the same quantum state and exhibit wave-like properties, such as interference and superfluidity.
3. Low Temperatures: Achieving a Bose-Einstein condensate requires extremely low temperatures, typically on the order of nanokelvins. At such low temperatures, the thermal energy of the particles is much smaller than the energy spacing between quantum states, allowing them to condense into the lowest energy state.
4. Experimental Realization: BEC was first realized using ultra-cold atomic gases. By using laser cooling and evaporative cooling techniques, researchers were able to cool a dilute gas of bosonic atoms to temperatures below the critical temperature, resulting in the formation of a BEC.
5. Applications: Bose-Einstein condensates have opened up new avenues of research in the field of quantum physics. They have been used to study fundamental phenomena, such as superfluidity, atom interferometry, and quantum optics. Additionally, BECs have potential applications in precision measurements, quantum computing, and the development of new types of sensors.
In conclusion, Bose-Einstein condensate is the fifth state of matter, formed by cooling a gas of bosonic particles to extremely low temperatures. It exhibits unique quantum mechanical properties and has significant implications for both fundamental research and technological applications.
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Which of the following is correct with regard to Bose-Einstein condensate?a)It is the fifth state of matter.b)It is a range of subatomic particles responsible for giving matter different properties.c)It is a group of elementary particles forming basic building block of the matter.d)An electrically conducting medium produced when the atoms in a gas become ionized.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Which of the following is correct with regard to Bose-Einstein condensate?a)It is the fifth state of matter.b)It is a range of subatomic particles responsible for giving matter different properties.c)It is a group of elementary particles forming basic building block of the matter.d)An electrically conducting medium produced when the atoms in a gas become ionized.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? for UPSC 2024 is part of UPSC preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about Which of the following is correct with regard to Bose-Einstein condensate?a)It is the fifth state of matter.b)It is a range of subatomic particles responsible for giving matter different properties.c)It is a group of elementary particles forming basic building block of the matter.d)An electrically conducting medium produced when the atoms in a gas become ionized.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for UPSC 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Which of the following is correct with regard to Bose-Einstein condensate?a)It is the fifth state of matter.b)It is a range of subatomic particles responsible for giving matter different properties.c)It is a group of elementary particles forming basic building block of the matter.d)An electrically conducting medium produced when the atoms in a gas become ionized.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?.
Which of the following is correct with regard to Bose-Einstein condensate?a)It is the fifth state of matter.b)It is a range of subatomic particles responsible for giving matter different properties.c)It is a group of elementary particles forming basic building block of the matter.d)An electrically conducting medium produced when the atoms in a gas become ionized.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? for UPSC 2024 is part of UPSC preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about Which of the following is correct with regard to Bose-Einstein condensate?a)It is the fifth state of matter.b)It is a range of subatomic particles responsible for giving matter different properties.c)It is a group of elementary particles forming basic building block of the matter.d)An electrically conducting medium produced when the atoms in a gas become ionized.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for UPSC 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Which of the following is correct with regard to Bose-Einstein condensate?a)It is the fifth state of matter.b)It is a range of subatomic particles responsible for giving matter different properties.c)It is a group of elementary particles forming basic building block of the matter.d)An electrically conducting medium produced when the atoms in a gas become ionized.Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?.
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