Mutation is a process in which the DNA sequence of a gene is altered. It is an essential mechanism for genetic variation and evolution. The correct statement regarding mutation is:

Subjected to Natural Selection

Mutation is subjected to natural selection, which means that certain mutations may be advantageous, while others may be harmful or neutral. The advantageous mutations are more likely to be passed on to the offspring, while the harmful mutations are less likely to be passed on.

Random Changes in Base Sequence of RNA

Mutation refers to the random changes in the base sequence of RNA. These changes can occur due to errors during DNA replication, exposure to mutagens such as radiation or chemicals, or spontaneous changes in the DNA sequence. The changes can be small or large, and can affect a single nucleotide or a whole gene.

Heritable and Give Rise to New Species

Not all mutations are heritable, but some can be passed from one generation to the next. These heritable mutations can accumulate over time, leading to the evolution of new species. However, it is important to note that not all mutations give rise to new species, as the process of speciation is complex and involves many factors.

Takes Place Gradually and in Small Steps

Mutations can occur gradually and in small steps or can occur suddenly and in large jumps. The rate and type of mutations can vary depending on various factors such as the organism's DNA repair mechanisms, exposure to mutagens, and environmental conditions.

In conclusion, mutation is a random process that can result in heritable changes in the DNA sequence. These changes are subjected to natural selection and can give rise to new species over time. The rate and type of mutations can vary, and they can occur gradually or suddenly.