Conversion of the domain name of each web server to its corresponding ...
Concept:
Conversion of the domain name of each web server to its corresponding IP address is called domain name resolution. It is done through a server called DNS server.
- A DNS server keeps a list of domain names and the IP addresses that go with them. Knowing how and where the DNS servers are housed is necessary to comprehend how domain name resolution functions.
- The DNS servers are organized in a hierarchy. There are 13 servers known as root servers at the highest level. There are then other DNS servers at various levels below the root servers.
- The HTTP protocol contacts a computer server called a DNS server when we type a URL into a web browser to get the IP address associated with that domain name.
- The process of obtaining a physical address from a machine or a virtual address that a network node or computer peripheral has sent is known as address resolution or name resolution.
Conversion of the domain name of each web server to its corresponding ...
Domain Name Resolution
Domain Name Resolution is the process of converting the domain name of a web server into its corresponding IP address. It is an essential step in establishing a connection over the internet as computers communicate using IP addresses, whereas humans find it easier to remember domain names.
Importance of Domain Name Resolution
Domain Name Resolution plays a crucial role in the functioning of the internet. It allows users to access websites using user-friendly domain names rather than remembering complex IP addresses. The process involves translating the domain name into its corresponding IP address, which is then used to establish a connection between the client and the server.
Process of Domain Name Resolution
The process of Domain Name Resolution involves the following steps:
1. Local DNS Cache: The client computer first checks its local DNS cache to see if it has recently resolved the domain name. If the IP address is present in the cache, the client can directly establish a connection without further resolution.
2. Recursive Query: If the IP address is not found in the local DNS cache, the client sends a recursive query to the DNS resolver server. The DNS resolver is responsible for resolving domain names into IP addresses.
3. Root DNS Servers: The DNS resolver server starts by contacting the root DNS servers. These servers are responsible for providing the IP addresses of the top-level domain (TLD) DNS servers.
4. TLD DNS Servers: The root DNS servers respond with the IP addresses of the TLD DNS servers. The TLD DNS servers maintain information about the domain extensions, such as .com, .org, .net, etc.
5. Authoritative DNS Servers: The TLD DNS server then directs the DNS resolver to the authoritative DNS servers for the specific domain. The authoritative DNS servers are responsible for storing the IP address information for the domain.
6. IP Address Resolution: The authoritative DNS server finally provides the IP address of the web server associated with the domain name. The DNS resolver then caches this information for future use and returns the IP address to the client.
7. Establishing Connection: With the IP address obtained through domain name resolution, the client can now establish a connection with the web server and retrieve the requested content.
Conclusion
Domain Name Resolution is the process of converting domain names into IP addresses, enabling users to access websites using human-readable names. It involves various steps, including local DNS cache lookup, recursive queries, contacting root and TLD DNS servers, and obtaining the IP address from authoritative DNS servers. This process is vital for the functioning of the internet and allows seamless communication between clients and servers.
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