Griffith Taylor is the individual who coined the term "neo-determinism." He was an influential geographer who played a significant role in the development of the discipline during the early 20th century. Taylor's work revolved around the concept of determinism, which suggests that human behavior and societal development are primarily influenced by environmental factors. However, Taylor's contribution to geography went beyond traditional determinism, leading him to introduce the concept of neo-determinism.

Explanation:

Griffith Taylor's Background:
- Griffith Taylor was an Australian-born geographer who was born in 1880 and died in 1963.
- He studied at the University of Sydney and later pursued postgraduate studies at the University of Oxford.
- Taylor was greatly influenced by the works of Friedrich Ratzel and Paul Vidal de la Blache, who were prominent geographers of their time.

Introduction of Neo-Determinism:
- Taylor introduced the term "neo-determinism" in his book "The Pattern of Geography," published in 1934.
- He sought to refine and expand upon the concept of determinism, which had been previously developed by Ratzel and other geographers.
- Neo-determinism can be understood as an updated version of determinism that incorporates modern knowledge and perspectives.

Key Ideas of Neo-Determinism:
- Neo-determinism emphasizes the influence of both physical geography and human culture on societal development.
- It recognizes the reciprocal relationship between the environment and human behavior, suggesting that they mutually shape and influence each other.
- Taylor argued that the environment provides the framework within which human societies develop, but human agency and cultural factors also play a significant role.
- He highlighted the importance of studying the interaction between humans and their environment to understand the dynamics of social change.
- Taylor's neo-determinism also acknowledged the role of technology and technological advancements in shaping human societies.

Legacy and Influence:
- Taylor's introduction of neo-determinism had a significant impact on the field of geography.
- His ideas encouraged geographers to adopt a more holistic approach by considering both physical and human factors in their analyses.
- Neo-determinism paved the way for subsequent developments in the discipline, such as the emergence of environmental determinism and cultural ecology.

In conclusion, Griffith Taylor is credited with coining the term "neo-determinism" in his book "The Pattern of Geography." His introduction of this concept expanded upon traditional determinism by incorporating contemporary knowledge and perspectives. Taylor's work had a lasting impact on the field of geography and influenced subsequent developments in the study of human-environment interactions.