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What was the main difference between the Permanent Settlement and the Ryotwari Settlement?
- a)The Permanent Settlement was introduced in North India, while the Ryotwari Settlement was introduced in South India.
- b)The Permanent Settlement created a class of zamindars, while the Ryotwari Settlement recognized the cultivators as the owners of their land.
- c)The Permanent Settlement was hereditary and transferable, while the Ryotwari Settlement was temporary and non-transferable.
- d)The Permanent Settlement fixed land revenue in perpetuity, while the Ryotwari Settlement revised it periodically.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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What was the main difference between the Permanent Settlement and the ...
The main difference between the Permanent Settlement and the Ryotwari Settlement was:
The Permanent Settlement created a class of zamindars, while the Ryotwari Settlement recognized the cultivators as the owners of their land.
Explanation:
1. Introduction:
During British colonial rule in India, the British East India Company implemented different land revenue systems to collect taxes from the agricultural sector. Two major systems were the Permanent Settlement and the Ryotwari Settlement. These systems differed in their approach to landownership and revenue collection.
2. Permanent Settlement:
- Introduced in 1793 by Lord Cornwallis, the Permanent Settlement was implemented in parts of North India, particularly Bengal, Bihar, and Odisha.
- Under this system, the British recognized certain individuals as zamindars or landlords, who were given the responsibility of collecting revenue from the cultivators or ryots.
- The zamindars were granted hereditary and transferable rights to the land, which meant that they could pass on these rights to their successors or sell them to others.
- The revenue amount was fixed in perpetuity, meaning that it did not change regardless of fluctuations in agricultural productivity or income.
- The zamindars became a privileged class, often exploiting the cultivators by charging high rents and extracting surplus from them. This led to the impoverishment of the peasants.
3. Ryotwari Settlement:
- Introduced by Thomas Munro in the early 19th century, the Ryotwari Settlement was implemented in parts of South India, including Madras Presidency, Bombay Presidency, and parts of the present-day states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, and Karnataka.
- In this system, individual cultivators or ryots were recognized as the owners of their land.
- The cultivators directly paid the revenue to the British government or its representatives, eliminating the intermediary zamindars.
- The revenue was not fixed permanently but was revised periodically, usually every 20 to 30 years, based on the prevailing agricultural conditions.
- The cultivators had ownership rights over their land, which provided them with a sense of security and freedom from exploitation by intermediaries.
- However, the ryots still faced challenges such as high revenue demands, uncertainty in land tenure, and lack of legal protection, which often led to their indebtedness and vulnerability.
4. Conclusion:
In summary, the main difference between the Permanent Settlement and the Ryotwari Settlement was the recognition of landownership. The Permanent Settlement created a class of zamindars who held hereditary and transferable rights over the land, while the Ryotwari Settlement recognized the cultivators as the owners of their land. This difference in landownership had significant implications for the socio-economic conditions of the cultivators and the overall agricultural system in different regions of India.
The Permanent Settlement created a class of zamindars, while the Ryotwari Settlement recognized the cultivators as the owners of their land.
Explanation:
1. Introduction:
During British colonial rule in India, the British East India Company implemented different land revenue systems to collect taxes from the agricultural sector. Two major systems were the Permanent Settlement and the Ryotwari Settlement. These systems differed in their approach to landownership and revenue collection.
2. Permanent Settlement:
- Introduced in 1793 by Lord Cornwallis, the Permanent Settlement was implemented in parts of North India, particularly Bengal, Bihar, and Odisha.
- Under this system, the British recognized certain individuals as zamindars or landlords, who were given the responsibility of collecting revenue from the cultivators or ryots.
- The zamindars were granted hereditary and transferable rights to the land, which meant that they could pass on these rights to their successors or sell them to others.
- The revenue amount was fixed in perpetuity, meaning that it did not change regardless of fluctuations in agricultural productivity or income.
- The zamindars became a privileged class, often exploiting the cultivators by charging high rents and extracting surplus from them. This led to the impoverishment of the peasants.
3. Ryotwari Settlement:
- Introduced by Thomas Munro in the early 19th century, the Ryotwari Settlement was implemented in parts of South India, including Madras Presidency, Bombay Presidency, and parts of the present-day states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, and Karnataka.
- In this system, individual cultivators or ryots were recognized as the owners of their land.
- The cultivators directly paid the revenue to the British government or its representatives, eliminating the intermediary zamindars.
- The revenue was not fixed permanently but was revised periodically, usually every 20 to 30 years, based on the prevailing agricultural conditions.
- The cultivators had ownership rights over their land, which provided them with a sense of security and freedom from exploitation by intermediaries.
- However, the ryots still faced challenges such as high revenue demands, uncertainty in land tenure, and lack of legal protection, which often led to their indebtedness and vulnerability.
4. Conclusion:
In summary, the main difference between the Permanent Settlement and the Ryotwari Settlement was the recognition of landownership. The Permanent Settlement created a class of zamindars who held hereditary and transferable rights over the land, while the Ryotwari Settlement recognized the cultivators as the owners of their land. This difference in landownership had significant implications for the socio-economic conditions of the cultivators and the overall agricultural system in different regions of India.
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What was the main difference between the Permanent Settlement and the ...
The main difference between the Permanent Settlement and the Ryotwari Settlement was the class of people they targeted. The Permanent Settlement aimed at creating a class of zamindars, who would act as a buffer between the British rulers and the Indian people, while the Ryotwari Settlement recognized the cultivators as the owners of their land and directly connected them with the government for revenue collection.
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What was the main difference between the Permanent Settlement and the Ryotwari Settlement?a)The Permanent Settlement was introduced in North India, while the Ryotwari Settlement was introduced in South India.b)The Permanent Settlement created a class of zamindars, while the Ryotwari Settlement recognized the cultivators as the owners of their land.c)The Permanent Settlement was hereditary and transferable, while the Ryotwari Settlement was temporary and non-transferable.d)The Permanent Settlement fixed land revenue in perpetuity, while the Ryotwari Settlement revised it periodically.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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What was the main difference between the Permanent Settlement and the Ryotwari Settlement?a)The Permanent Settlement was introduced in North India, while the Ryotwari Settlement was introduced in South India.b)The Permanent Settlement created a class of zamindars, while the Ryotwari Settlement recognized the cultivators as the owners of their land.c)The Permanent Settlement was hereditary and transferable, while the Ryotwari Settlement was temporary and non-transferable.d)The Permanent Settlement fixed land revenue in perpetuity, while the Ryotwari Settlement revised it periodically.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? for UPSC 2024 is part of UPSC preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about What was the main difference between the Permanent Settlement and the Ryotwari Settlement?a)The Permanent Settlement was introduced in North India, while the Ryotwari Settlement was introduced in South India.b)The Permanent Settlement created a class of zamindars, while the Ryotwari Settlement recognized the cultivators as the owners of their land.c)The Permanent Settlement was hereditary and transferable, while the Ryotwari Settlement was temporary and non-transferable.d)The Permanent Settlement fixed land revenue in perpetuity, while the Ryotwari Settlement revised it periodically.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for UPSC 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for What was the main difference between the Permanent Settlement and the Ryotwari Settlement?a)The Permanent Settlement was introduced in North India, while the Ryotwari Settlement was introduced in South India.b)The Permanent Settlement created a class of zamindars, while the Ryotwari Settlement recognized the cultivators as the owners of their land.c)The Permanent Settlement was hereditary and transferable, while the Ryotwari Settlement was temporary and non-transferable.d)The Permanent Settlement fixed land revenue in perpetuity, while the Ryotwari Settlement revised it periodically.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?.
What was the main difference between the Permanent Settlement and the Ryotwari Settlement?a)The Permanent Settlement was introduced in North India, while the Ryotwari Settlement was introduced in South India.b)The Permanent Settlement created a class of zamindars, while the Ryotwari Settlement recognized the cultivators as the owners of their land.c)The Permanent Settlement was hereditary and transferable, while the Ryotwari Settlement was temporary and non-transferable.d)The Permanent Settlement fixed land revenue in perpetuity, while the Ryotwari Settlement revised it periodically.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? for UPSC 2024 is part of UPSC preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about What was the main difference between the Permanent Settlement and the Ryotwari Settlement?a)The Permanent Settlement was introduced in North India, while the Ryotwari Settlement was introduced in South India.b)The Permanent Settlement created a class of zamindars, while the Ryotwari Settlement recognized the cultivators as the owners of their land.c)The Permanent Settlement was hereditary and transferable, while the Ryotwari Settlement was temporary and non-transferable.d)The Permanent Settlement fixed land revenue in perpetuity, while the Ryotwari Settlement revised it periodically.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for UPSC 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for What was the main difference between the Permanent Settlement and the Ryotwari Settlement?a)The Permanent Settlement was introduced in North India, while the Ryotwari Settlement was introduced in South India.b)The Permanent Settlement created a class of zamindars, while the Ryotwari Settlement recognized the cultivators as the owners of their land.c)The Permanent Settlement was hereditary and transferable, while the Ryotwari Settlement was temporary and non-transferable.d)The Permanent Settlement fixed land revenue in perpetuity, while the Ryotwari Settlement revised it periodically.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?.
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