Which of the following statements about Avogadros hypothesis is correct?a)Under similar condition of temperature and pressure, gases react with each other in simple ratiob)Under similar conditions of temperature and pressure, equal volume of all gases contain same number of moleculesc)At NTP all gases contain same number of moleculesd)Gases always react with gases only at the given temperature and pressureCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

**Avogadro's Hypothesis**

Avogadro's hypothesis, proposed by the Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro in 1811, states that under similar conditions of temperature and pressure, equal volumes of all gases contain the same number of molecules. This hypothesis forms the basis of the concept of the mole in chemistry.

**Explanation of the Correct Statement**

The correct statement about Avogadro's hypothesis is option 'B': Under similar conditions of temperature and pressure, equal volumes of all gases contain the same number of molecules. This statement is correct because it accurately represents Avogadro's hypothesis.

When Avogadro formulated his hypothesis, he observed that gases combine with each other in simple ratios by volume. For example, 1 volume of oxygen combines with 2 volumes of hydrogen to form 2 volumes of water vapor. This observation led to the concept of the mole, which is defined as the amount of substance that contains the same number of entities (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.) as there are atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon-12.

According to Avogadro's hypothesis, at the same temperature and pressure, equal volumes of gases will contain the same number of molecules. This means that if we have a container of gas A and a container of gas B, and both containers have the same volume, temperature, and pressure, then the number of molecules in each container will be the same.

For example, if we have 1 liter of oxygen gas and 1 liter of nitrogen gas, both at the same temperature and pressure, Avogadro's hypothesis tells us that the number of oxygen molecules in the oxygen container will be the same as the number of nitrogen molecules in the nitrogen container.

This statement is crucial in various gas laws and stoichiometry calculations because it allows us to compare the number of molecules of different gases based on their volumes. It also helps in understanding the behavior of gases and their reactions.

In conclusion, option 'B' is the correct statement about Avogadro's hypothesis. Under similar conditions of temperature and pressure, equal volumes of all gases contain the same number of molecules. This principle is fundamental to understanding the behavior of gases and their reactions.

Answer

Answer is B

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