Introduction:
In the NEET Biology section, questions related to genetics are frequently asked. Genetics is the study of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms. Understanding genetics is crucial as it helps in comprehending the inheritance of traits, genetic diseases, and the mechanisms of evolution. The following are some of the most commonly asked questions in the NEET Biology section related to genetics.

1. What is a gene?
A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the information to produce a specific protein or RNA molecule. Genes are the basic units of heredity and determine the traits an organism inherits from its parents.

2. What is DNA?
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a double-stranded molecule that carries the genetic information in all living organisms. It consists of nucleotides, which are composed of a sugar (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine).

3. What is the structure of DNA?
The structure of DNA is a double helix, resembling a twisted ladder. The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs (adenine with thymine, and cytosine with guanine).

4. What is the process of DNA replication?
DNA replication is the process by which DNA makes an identical copy of itself. It occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle. The double-stranded DNA unwinds, and each strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand, resulting in two identical DNA molecules.

5. What is a genetic mutation?
A genetic mutation is a permanent alteration in the DNA sequence of a gene. It can occur spontaneously or be induced by mutagens such as radiation or chemicals. Mutations can have various effects, including no effect, a change in protein function, or the development of genetic diseases.

6. What is Mendelian inheritance?
Mendelian inheritance refers to the principles of inheritance proposed by Gregor Mendel, the father of modern genetics. It involves the transmission of traits from parents to offspring through the inheritance of specific genes. Mendelian traits are controlled by a single gene and follow predictable patterns of inheritance.

7. What are dominant and recessive alleles?
Dominant alleles are expressed in the phenotype when present in either one or both copies of a gene. On the other hand, recessive alleles are only expressed in the phenotype when present in both copies of a gene. Dominant alleles mask the effects of recessive alleles.

8. What is genetic recombination?
Genetic recombination is the process by which new combinations of genetic material are produced. It occurs during meiosis when homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material through crossing over. Genetic recombination increases genetic diversity and plays a crucial role in evolution.

9. What is a Punnett square?
A Punnett square is a tool used to predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring in a genetic cross. It is based on the principles of Mendelian inheritance and allows for the determination of the probability of different traits being inherited.

Conclusion:
These are some of the commonly asked questions related to genetics in the NEET Biology section. Understanding the principles of genetics is essential for students preparing