Important Topics in Genetics for NEET Exam:

1. Mendelian Genetics:
- Mendel's laws of inheritance: Law of segregation and law of independent assortment.
- Monohybrid and dihybrid crosses: Crosses involving a single trait and crosses involving two traits.
- Test crosses and back crosses: Used to determine the genotype of an individual.
- Pedigree analysis: Study of inheritance patterns in families.

2. Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance:
- Sex determination: XX-XY system in humans, ZW-ZZ system in birds, and haplo-diploidy in insects.
- Sex-linked inheritance: Inheritance of genes located on sex chromosomes.
- Linkage and crossing over: Genetic linkage and recombination frequency.
- Chromosomal disorders: Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, etc.

3. Molecular Basis of Inheritance:
- DNA structure and replication: Double helix model, DNA replication enzymes, and semi-conservative replication.
- DNA transcription and translation: Transcription process, RNA processing, genetic code, and translation process.
- Gene regulation: Lac operon and trp operon in prokaryotes, and gene regulation in eukaryotes.
- Genetic engineering and biotechnology: Recombinant DNA technology, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), genetic transformation, etc.

4. Human Genetics:
- Genetic disorders: Autosomal dominant disorders (Huntington's disease), autosomal recessive disorders (cystic fibrosis), and sex-linked disorders (hemophilia).
- Genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis: Techniques used to determine the risk of genetic disorders in individuals or couples.
- Human genome project: Sequencing of the entire human genome and its implications.

5. Population Genetics:
- Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium: Conditions for genetic equilibrium in a population.
- Genetic drift: Random changes in allele frequencies in small populations.
- Gene flow: Introduction of new alleles into a population through migration.
- Natural selection: Mechanism for evolution based on differential survival and reproduction.

It is essential to have a thorough understanding of these topics to excel in the genetics section of the NEET exam. Practice solving questions from previous years' papers and take mock tests to assess your knowledge and improve your problem-solving skills.