Consider the following statements.1. The proportion of poor people is...
Statement 1: The proportion of poor people is almost the same in every state
This statement is incorrect. The proportion of poor people varies significantly across different states in India. Poverty is a multidimensional issue influenced by various factors such as economic development, level of industrialization, agricultural productivity, social infrastructure, etc. Therefore, the extent of poverty differs from state to state based on these factors.
Statement 2: States like Punjab and Haryana have traditionally succeeded in reducing poverty with the help of high agricultural growth rates
This statement is correct. Punjab and Haryana, known as the "Granaries of India," have historically achieved significant success in reducing poverty through high agricultural growth rates. These states have adopted modern farming techniques, such as the Green Revolution, which led to increased agricultural productivity and income. The success in the agricultural sector has positively impacted the living standards of people in these states, contributing to poverty reduction.
Statement 3: In West Bengal, land reform measures have helped in reducing poverty
This statement is correct. West Bengal has implemented land reform measures that have played a crucial role in reducing poverty in the state. The land reforms aimed at redistributing land from the large landowners to the landless and marginalized sections of society. By providing land to the landless, these measures have helped in improving the livelihoods of the poor and reducing income inequalities. Additionally, land reform has led to increased agricultural productivity, which has further contributed to poverty reduction in West Bengal.
Conclusion
Based on the above analysis, statement 1 is incorrect as the proportion of poor people varies across states. However, statement 2 and 3 are correct. States like Punjab and Haryana have achieved success in reducing poverty through high agricultural growth rates, while West Bengal has reduced poverty through land reform measures. Therefore, the correct answer is option 'B' (2 and 3 Only).
Consider the following statements.1. The proportion of poor people is...
- Poverty in India also has another aspect or dimension. The proportion of poor people is not the same in every state.
- Although state level poverty has witnessed a secular decline from the levels of early seventies, the success rate of reducing poverty varies from state to state.
- Recent estimates show while the all India Head Count Ratio (HCR) was 21.9 percent in 2011-12 states like Madhya Pradesh, Assam, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Odisha had above all India poverty levels.
- Bihar and Odisha continue to be the two poorest states with poverty ratios of 33.7 and 32.6 percent respectively. Along with rural poverty, urban poverty is also high in Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.
- In comparison, there has been a significant decline in poverty in Kerala, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat and West Bengal.
- States like Punjab and Haryana have traditionally succeeded in reducing poverty with the help of high agricultural growth rates.
- Kerala has focused more on human resource development. In West Bengal, land reform measures have helped in reducing poverty. In Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu public distribution of food grains could have been responsible for the improvement.