Introduction:
Nucleic acids are macromolecules that are composed of nucleotides. There are two types of nucleic acids: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). Nucleic acids play a crucial role in storing and transmitting genetic information. Hydrolysis of nucleic acids breaks down these macromolecules into their constituent parts.

Hydrolysis of Nucleic Acid:
Hydrolysis of nucleic acids involves the breaking of phosphodiester bonds that connect the nucleotides in the polymer chain. This process requires the addition of water molecules and results in the separation of the nucleic acid into its individual components.

Components of Nucleic Acid:
1. Purine:
Purines are nitrogenous bases that are one of the components of nucleic acids. They include adenine (A) and guanine (G). On hydrolysis of nucleic acids, purines are obtained as separate molecules.

2. Phosphoric Acid:
Phosphoric acid, also known as orthophosphoric acid, is a mineral acid that contains phosphorus. It is an essential component of nucleic acids, as it forms the backbone of the nucleotide chain. On hydrolysis of nucleic acids, phosphoric acid is released.

3. Pyrimidine:
Pyrimidines are another type of nitrogenous base found in nucleic acids. They include cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U). On hydrolysis of nucleic acids, pyrimidines are obtained as separate molecules.

4. Pentose Sugar:
Pentose sugars are five-carbon sugars that are found in nucleotides. In DNA, the pentose sugar is deoxyribose, while in RNA, it is ribose. On hydrolysis of nucleic acids, pentose sugars are released.

The Answer:
The component that is not obtained on hydrolysis of nucleic acid is phosphoric acid. While phosphoric acid is a crucial component of nucleic acids, it does not get released as a separate molecule during hydrolysis. Instead, it remains bound to the nucleotide units, forming part of the nucleotide structure.

Conclusion:
Hydrolysis of nucleic acids breaks down the macromolecules into their constituent parts, including purines, pyrimidines, and pentose sugars. However, phosphoric acid, which forms the backbone of the nucleotide chain, does not get released as a separate molecule. Understanding the components obtained during hydrolysis helps in studying the structure and function of nucleic acids.