With reference to the history of India, consider the following: 1. Mu...
Muvendavelan - a velan or peasant serving three kings.
The statement is not correctly matched. Muvendavelan was not a peasant, but a famous king from the Sangam period in South India. He was the ruler of the Chera kingdom and is known for his valor and military achievements. The term "velan" refers to a hero or warrior in Tamil literature. Therefore, the correct match for Muvendavelan would be a king, not a peasant serving three kings.
Vellanvagai - land for the maintenance of a school
The statement is correctly matched. Vellanvagai refers to land that was set aside for the maintenance of a school. During ancient times, education was highly valued in India, and various forms of land grants were provided for the establishment and maintenance of educational institutions. Vellanvagai was one such land grant specifically designated for supporting schools.
Shalabhoga - land of non-Brahmana peasant proprietors
The statement is not correctly matched. Shalabhoga does not refer to land owned by non-Brahmana peasant proprietors. In ancient India, land ownership was primarily divided among different varnas or castes, with Brahmanas often having privileged access to land. Shalabhoga, on the other hand, refers to a form of tax or tribute paid to the king, usually in the form of grains or produce from the land. It was collected from peasants, regardless of their caste or social status.
Araiyar - chief
The statement is correctly matched. Araiyar refers to the chief or leader of a group. In ancient Tamil society, the term Araiyar was often used to denote the head of a group or community. This position held significant authority and responsibility within the community. Therefore, the match for Araiyar as a chief is correct.
In conclusion, the correctly matched statements are 1 and 4 only. Muvendavelan was a king, not a peasant serving three kings. Vellanvagai refers to land for the maintenance of a school, while Shalabhoga refers to a form of tax or tribute. Araiyar denotes a chief or leader.
With reference to the history of India, consider the following: 1. Mu...
- Chola kings gave some rich landowners titles like muvendavelan (a velan or peasant serving three kings), araiyar (chief). Chola inscriptions mention several categories of land.
- Vellanvagai- land of non-Brahmana peasant proprietors
- Brahmadeya- land gifted to Brahmanas.
- Shalabhoga -land for the maintenance of a school Devadana, tirunamattukkani-land gifted to temples Palli Chhandam-land donated to Jaina institutions.