Occurence of petroleum in India.!!?

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Answer

Petroleum in India occurs in folds and fault traps in the rock formations of the tertiary age.In the case of folds, it occurs in the crest of the upfold.The layer that contains the oil is a porous limestone or sandstone, making it possible for the oil to flow through it.Petroleum in India is also found in fault layers between porous and non-porous rocks.About 63 per cent of India’s petroleum comes from Mumbai High region, 18 per cent from Gujarat and 16 per cent from Assam.

Answer

Petroleum is found in folds and faults(eg.mumbai high) and in cracks in  crest ( eg . digboi , Assam)

Answer

Occurrence of Petroleum in India

Petroleum is a valuable natural resource that plays a crucial role in the economic development of any country. India, being the third-largest consumer of crude oil in the world, heavily relies on petroleum for various purposes such as transportation, power generation, and industrial activities. In this response, we will explore the occurrence of petroleum in India, discussing its reserves, production, and exploration efforts.

Reserves
India has significant reserves of petroleum, both onshore and offshore. The sedimentary basins in the country are the major sources of these reserves. Some of the notable basins include:
- Mumbai Offshore Basin
- Krishna-Godavari Basin
- Cauvery Basin
- Assam-Arakan Basin
- Cambay Basin
- Rajasthan Basin

These basins contain various types of hydrocarbon resources, including crude oil and natural gas. The reserves are estimated and categorized into different levels of certainty, such as proved, probable, and possible reserves.

Production
The production of petroleum in India has witnessed fluctuations over the years due to a variety of factors, including geological challenges, technological limitations, and government policies. However, efforts have been made to increase domestic production to reduce dependence on imports.

The major oil-producing regions in India include:
- Mumbai High (offshore)
- Gujarat onshore fields
- Assam
- Rajasthan
- Andhra Pradesh

Exploration Efforts
India has been actively exploring for new petroleum reserves to meet its increasing energy demands. To encourage exploration and production activities, the government has introduced policies and initiatives such as the New Exploration Licensing Policy (NELP) and the Open Acreage Licensing Policy (OALP).

State-owned companies like Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) and Oil India Limited (OIL) are the primary players in petroleum exploration and production in India. They undertake seismic surveys, drilling operations, and other exploration techniques to identify new reserves.

Conclusion
Petroleum reserves in India are primarily found in sedimentary basins, both onshore and offshore. The country has made significant progress in domestic production, but the demand still exceeds the supply. To bridge this gap, India continues to explore and exploit new reserves through various initiatives and policies. Harnessing these petroleum resources effectively is crucial for India's energy security and economic growth in the future.

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