There are several government initiatives and programs in India that focus on skill development. These initiatives aim to enhance the employability of the youth and bridge the gap between the demand and supply of skilled workforce. Some of the key initiatives and programs that you should study for UPSC are:

1. Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)
- Launched in 2015, PMKVY is one of the largest skill development initiatives in the country.
- It aims to provide skill training to over 10 million youth by 2020.
- The program offers short-term training courses across various sectors, along with industry-recognized certification.
- PMKVY also focuses on providing training to traditional artisans and vulnerable sections of society.

2. Skill India Mission
- Skill India is a flagship program launched by the Government of India in 2015.
- The mission aims to create a skilled workforce of 500 million by 2022.
- It focuses on providing training, certification, and employment opportunities across various sectors.
- Skill India Mission encompasses various schemes and initiatives such as PMKVY, National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS), and National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) among others.

3. National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC)
- NSDC is a public-private partnership organization that facilitates skill development initiatives in India.
- It collaborates with various industry sectors to create training programs and courses aligned with industry requirements.
- NSDC also provides financial assistance and support to training providers and organizations.

4. National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS)
- NAPS was launched in 2016 to promote apprenticeship training in India.
- The scheme encourages industries and establishments to engage apprentices and provide them with on-the-job training.
- NAPS provides financial incentives to employers for hiring apprentices and covers their stipend and training costs.

5. Make in India
- Make in India is an initiative launched in 2014 to promote manufacturing and job creation in India.
- It aims to develop a skilled workforce to support the growth of the manufacturing sector.
- Make in India focuses on enhancing vocational training, entrepreneurship, and innovation.

These initiatives and programs play a crucial role in enhancing the skills and employability of the Indian workforce. Studying them for the UPSC exam will provide you with a comprehensive understanding of the government's efforts in the field of skill development.