Types of Jurisdictions of the Supreme Court of India

The Supreme Court of India has three types of jurisdictions, which are as follows:

Original Jurisdiction
- The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in cases involving disputes between the Government of India and one or more states or between two or more states.
- It can also hear disputes between the Government of India and any state(s) on one side and one or more states on the other.
- This jurisdiction is defined in Article 131 of the Constitution of India.

Appellate Jurisdiction
- The Supreme Court of India is the highest court of appeal in the country.
- It hears appeals from the High Courts of the states and union territories, as well as from any other courts or tribunals in the country.
- The decisions of the Supreme Court are final and binding on all lower courts.
- This jurisdiction is outlined in Articles 132-136 of the Constitution.

Advisory Jurisdiction
- The Supreme Court of India has advisory jurisdiction, which means that the President of India can seek the court's opinion on any matter of public importance or law.
- While the opinion of the Supreme Court is not binding on the President, it is of great significance.
- This jurisdiction is provided for in Article 143 of the Constitution.

In conclusion, the Supreme Court of India exercises these three types of jurisdictions to ensure justice, uphold the rule of law, and maintain the constitutional balance in the country. Each jurisdiction plays a crucial role in the functioning of the highest court in India.