The Konark Sun Temple and its Dynasty

The Konark Sun Temple is a famous landmark located in the state of Odisha, India. This temple has recently been in the news due to its historical and architectural significance. It was built during the Eastern Ganga dynasty, making option 'A' the correct answer.

Eastern Ganga Dynasty
The Eastern Ganga dynasty ruled over the Kalinga region (present-day Odisha) from the 11th century to the 15th century CE. They were known for their patronage of art, architecture, and literature. The dynasty reached its peak under the rule of Anantavarman Chodaganga Deva.

Construction of the Konark Sun Temple
The Konark Sun Temple was built during the reign of Narasimhadeva I, who belonged to the Eastern Ganga dynasty. The construction of this magnificent temple began in the 13th century CE and was completed in the early 14th century CE.

Architectural Marvel
The Konark Sun Temple is renowned for its architectural brilliance and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is dedicated to the Sun God, Surya, and is designed in the shape of a colossal chariot with intricately carved wheels, horses, and other decorative motifs. The temple is known for its exquisite stone carvings and sculptures, depicting various mythological stories, celestial beings, and daily life activities.

Symbolism
The temple's architecture symbolizes the passage of time, with the twelve pairs of wheels representing the twelve months of the year and the seven horses representing the days of the week. The temple's orientation allows the first rays of the sun to pass through its main entrance, illuminating the sanctum sanctorum.

Decline and Restoration
Over the centuries, the Konark Sun Temple faced significant damage due to natural calamities, invasions, and neglect. It fell into ruins and was partially buried under sand. However, restoration efforts began in the early 20th century, and the temple has now been partially reconstructed, showcasing its former grandeur.

Conclusion
The Konark Sun Temple is a remarkable architectural marvel built during the Eastern Ganga dynasty. Its intricate carvings, symbolic representations, and historical significance make it a cherished heritage site that attracts tourists and historians from around the world.