Answer:

Public interest groups are pressure groups that seek to promote the collective good. These groups are formed to advocate for policies and issues that benefit the general public rather than specific sectional interests. They work towards achieving social, economic, and political goals that have a positive impact on society as a whole.

Characteristics of Public Interest Groups:
- Public interest groups are non-profit organizations that work for the betterment of society.
- They are often concerned with issues such as civil rights, environmental protection, consumer rights, public health, education, and social justice.
- These groups aim to represent the interests and concerns of the public and ensure that government policies and actions align with the welfare of the general population.
- Public interest groups often engage in activities like lobbying, advocacy, public awareness campaigns, research, and litigation to promote their causes.
- They rely on public support and donations to fund their activities and carry out their initiatives.
- Public interest groups often work independently or in coalition with other organizations to amplify their impact and achieve their goals.

Examples of Public Interest Groups:
- Amnesty International: This organization advocates for human rights and works to end human rights abuses worldwide.
- Sierra Club: This environmental organization focuses on protecting the natural environment and promoting sustainable practices.
- Public Citizen: Public Citizen is an advocacy group that works on issues related to consumer rights, government accountability, and corporate power.
- National Education Association (NEA): NEA is the largest labor union in the United States representing public school teachers and educators. It works to ensure quality education for all students.
- American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU): ACLU is a non-profit organization that works to defend and preserve individual rights and liberties guaranteed by the Constitution.

Conclusion:
Public interest groups play a crucial role in promoting the collective good by advocating for policies and issues that benefit society as a whole. They work towards achieving social justice, environmental protection, human rights, consumer rights, and other public welfare goals. These groups rely on public support and engage in various activities to create awareness, influence policymakers, and bring about positive change.

Pressure groups that seek to promote collective good include:
1. Public interest groups:
- Public interest groups work towards advocating for policies and reforms that benefit the general public.
- They focus on issues such as environmental protection, consumer rights, human rights, and social justice.
- Examples of public interest groups include Greenpeace, Amnesty International, and the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU).
2. Movement groups:
- Movement groups are formed to address specific social or political issues and bring about collective change.
- They aim to mobilize public support and create awareness about their cause.
- Examples of movement groups include the civil rights movement, feminist movement, and LGBTQ+ rights movement.
3. People's groups:
- People's groups are formed by individuals who come together to advocate for their rights and interests.
- They often represent marginalized or disadvantaged communities and aim to address social and economic inequalities.
- Examples of people's groups include labor unions, indigenous rights organizations, and community-based organizations.
Therefore, the correct answer is Public interest group (B), as they specifically work towards promoting the collective good and welfare of the general public.