Which of the following provisions inthe constitution can be amended by...
The correct answer is option 'B' - Only two statements are correct.
Explanation:
To understand which provisions in the constitution can be amended by a simple majority, let's analyze each of the given statements:
1. Establishment of new states:
According to Article 3 of the Indian Constitution, the Parliament has the power to form new states, alter the boundaries, or change the names of existing states. However, any such amendment requires a special majority, which means it needs to be passed by a majority of the total membership of each house of Parliament as well as by a two-thirds majority of the members present and voting. Therefore, the first statement is incorrect.
2. Termination of citizenship:
The provisions related to citizenship are mentioned in Part II of the Constitution (Articles 5-11). The Parliament has the power to make laws regarding the acquisition and termination of citizenship. These laws can be amended by a simple majority, as stated in Article 11. Therefore, the second statement is correct.
3. Election of the President:
The provisions related to the election of the President are mentioned in Part V of the Constitution (Articles 52-78). The President of India is elected by an Electoral College consisting of the elected members of both houses of Parliament and the elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of the states. Any amendment related to the election of the President would require a special majority, similar to the establishment of new states. Therefore, the third statement is incorrect.
In conclusion, only the second statement - Termination of citizenship - can be amended by a simple majority. The establishment of new states and the election of the President require a special majority.
Which of the following provisions inthe constitution can be amended by...
Option (b) is correct:
A number of provisions in the Constitution can be amended by a simple majority of the two Houses of Parliament outside the scope of Article 368. These provisions include:
- Admission or establishment of new states.
- Formation of new states and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing states.
- Abolition or creation of legislative councils in states.
- Second Schedule—emoluments, allowances, privileges and so on of the president, the governors, the Speakers, judges, etc.
- Quorum in Parliament.
- Salaries and allowances of the members of Parliament.
- Rules of procedure in Parliament.
- Privileges of the Parliament, its members and its committees.
- Use of English language in Parliament.
- Number of puisne judges in the Supreme Court.
- Conferment of more jurisdiction on the Supreme Court.
- Use of official language.
- Citizenship—acquisition and termination.
- Elections to Parliament and state legislatures.
- Delimitation of constituencies.
- Union territories.
- Fifth Schedule—administration of scheduled areas and scheduled tribes.
- Sixth Schedule—administration of tribal areas. The following provisions can be amended by Special Majority of Parliament and Consent of States:
- Election of the President and its manner.
- Extent of the executive power of the Union and the states.
- Supreme Court and high courts.
- Distribution of legislative powers between the Union and the states.
- Any of the lists in the Seventh Schedule.
- Representation of states in Parliament.
- Power of Parliament to amend the Constitution and its procedure (Article 368 itself).
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