B. Agricultural expansion

India is a country with diverse geographical features, including mountains, plateaus, plains, and coastal areas. These geographical features, along with other factors, contribute to the deformation in India. However, agricultural expansion is not a major factor responsible for deformation in the country.

Agricultural expansion is the process of increasing agricultural land and production to meet the growing food demands of a population. While agricultural expansion can have environmental impacts, such as deforestation and soil degradation, it is not a primary factor responsible for the deformation in India.

The major factors responsible for the deformation in India are:

A. Colonial period:
During the colonial period, India was under British rule, which significantly impacted its economy, society, and governance. The British implemented policies that prioritized their own interests, leading to the exploitation of India's resources and disruption of its traditional socio-economic structure. This resulted in the deformation of India's economy, agriculture, industries, and infrastructure.

C. Large scale development projects:
Large scale development projects, such as dams, highways, and industrial complexes, have been undertaken in India to promote economic growth and development. While these projects aim to improve infrastructure and create employment opportunities, they often have adverse environmental and social consequences. Construction of dams, for example, can lead to displacement of local communities and ecological disruptions. Such development projects can result in the deformation of natural resources, ecosystems, and livelihoods.

D. Adivasis:
Adivasis, or indigenous communities, have been historically marginalized and face various socio-economic challenges. Displacement due to industrialization, deforestation, and mining activities often affects Adivasis disproportionately. Their traditional livelihoods and cultural practices are disrupted, leading to the deformation of their communities and ways of life.

In conclusion, agricultural expansion is not a major factor responsible for the deformation in India. Instead, factors such as the colonial period, large scale development projects, and the impact on Adivasis play significant roles in causing deformation in the country. These factors have led to economic, environmental, and social imbalances, which need to be addressed for sustainable development and equitable growth.