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The fundamental object of Panchayati Raj system is to ensure which among the following?
(1) People's participation in development
(2) Political accountability
(3) Democratic decentralization
(4) Financial mobilization
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
[2015]
  • a)
    1, 2 and 3 only
  • b)
    2 and 4 only
  • c)
    1 and 3 only
  • d)
    1, 2, 3 and 4
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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The fundamental object of Panchayati Raj system is to ensurewhich amon...


Peoples participation in development
- The Panchayati Raj system aims to involve local communities in the decision-making process related to their development.
- It ensures that people actively participate in planning and implementing various development schemes and projects.

Democratic decentralization
- Panchayati Raj system promotes the idea of decentralization of power by transferring certain political, administrative, and financial responsibilities to the local government bodies.
- It ensures that decision-making power is distributed among different levels of governance, making the system more democratic.

Financial mobilization
- One of the objectives of the Panchayati Raj system is to empower local bodies to mobilize resources for local development.
- It allows for the collection of local taxes, fees, and other revenues to fund various development projects and initiatives at the grassroots level.
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The fundamental object of Panchayati Raj system is to ensurewhich amon...
Financial mobilization is not the fundamental objective of PRls. Even though Panchayats have the powers to collect revenue.
Political accountability refers to the responsibility or obligation of government officials (both politicians and civil servants) to act in the best interests of society or face consequences.
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Accountability, or the lack of it, in governance generally, and civil services, in particular, is a major factor underlying the deficiencies in governance and public administration. Designing an effective framework for accountability has been a key element of the reform agenda. A fundamental issue is whether civil services should be accountable to the political executive of the day or to society at large. In other words, how should internal and external accountability be reconciled? Internal accountability is sought to be achieved by internal performance monitoring, official supervision by bodies like the —Central-Vigilance Commission-andComptroller and Auditor—General, and judicial review of executive decisions. Articles 311 and 312 of the Indian Constitution provide job security and safeguards to the civil services, especially the All India Services. The framers of the Constitution had envisaged that provision of these safeguards would result in a civil service that is not totally subservient to the political executive but will have the strength to function in larger public interest. The need to balance internal and external accountability is thus built into the Constitution. The issue is where to draw the line. Over the years, the emphasis seems to have tilted in favour of greater internal accountability of the civil services to the political leaders of the day who in turn are expected to be externally accountable to the society at large through the election process. This system for seeking accountability to Society has not worked out, and has led to several adverse consequences for governance.Some special measures can be considered for improving accountability in civil services.Provisions of articles 311 and 312 should be reviewed and laws and regulations framed to ensure external accountability of civil services. The proposed Civil Services Bill seeks to address some of these requirements. The respective roles of professional civil services and the political executive should he defined so that professional managerial functions and management of civil services are depoliticized. For this purpose, effective statutory civil service boards should be created at the centre and in the states. Decentralization and devolution of authority to bring government and decision making closer to the people also helps to enhance accountability.Q. According to the passage, which of the following factor/factors led to the adverse consequences for governance/public administration?1. Inability of civil services to strike a balance between internal and external accountabilities2. Lack of sufficient professional training to the officers of All India Services 3. Lack of proper service benefits in civil services4. Lack of Constitutional provisions to define the respective roles of professional civil services vis-a-vis political executive in this context Select the correct answer using the code given below

Accountability, or the lack of it, in governance generally, and civil services, in particular, is a major factor underlying the deficiencies in governance and public administration. Designing an effective framework for accountability has been a key element of the reform agenda. A fundamental issue is whether civil services should be accountable to the political executive of the day or to society at large. In other words, how should internal and external accountability be reconciled? Internal accountability is sought to be achieved by internal performance monitoring, official supervision by bodies like the —Central-Vigilance Commission-andComptroller and Auditor—General, and judicial review of executive decisions. Articles 311 and 312 of the Indian Constitution provide job security and safeguards to the civil services, especially the All India Services. The framers of the Constitution had envisaged that provision of these safeguards would result in a civil service that is not totally subservient to the political executive but will have the strength to function in larger public interest. The need to balance internal and external accountability is thus built into the Constitution. The issue is where to draw the line. Over the years, the emphasis seems to have tilted in favour of greater internal accountability of the civil services to the political leaders of the day who in turn are expected to be externally accountable to the society at large through the election process. This system for seeking accountability to Society has not worked out, and has led to several adverse consequences for governance.Some special measures can be considered for improving accountability in civil services.Provisions of articles 311 and 312 should be reviewed and laws and regulations framed to ensure external accountability of civil services. The proposed Civil Services Bill seeks to address some of these requirements. The respective roles of professional civil services and the political executive should he defined so that professional managerial functions and management of civil services are depoliticized. For this purpose, effective statutory civil service boards should be created at the centre and in the states. Decentralization and devolution of authority to bring government and decision making closer to the people also helps to enhance accountability.Q. With reference to the passage, the following assumptions have been made : 1. Political executive is an obstacle to the accountability of the civil services to the society 2. In the present framework of Indian polity, the political executive is no longer accountable to the society Which of these assumptions is/are valid?

There has been a significant trend worldwide towards regionalism in government, resulting in a widespread transfer of powers downwards towards regions and communities since 1990s. This process, which involves the creation of new political entities and bodies at a sub-national level and an increase in their content and powers, is known as devolution. Devolution has been characterized as being made up of three factors—political legitimacy, decentralization of authority and decentralization of resources. Political legitimacy here means a mass demand from below for the decentralization process, which is able to create a political force for it to take place. In many cases, decentralization is initiated by the upper tier of government without sufficient political mobilization for it at the grassroots level, and in such cases the decentralization process often does not fulfil its objectives.Q.Which among the following is the most logical, rational and critical inference that can be made from the above passage?

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The fundamental object of Panchayati Raj system is to ensurewhich among the following?(1) Peoples participation in development(2) Political accountability(3) Democratic decentralization(4) Financial mobilizationSelect the correct answer using the code given below.[2015]a)1, 2 and 3 onlyb)2 and 4 onlyc)1 and 3 onlyd)1, 2, 3 and 4Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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