RNA and Protein Synthesis during Cell Cycle

S Phase:
During the S phase of the cell cycle, DNA replication takes place. This is when the cell synthesizes a copy of its DNA in preparation for cell division. RNA synthesis also occurs during this phase, as RNA is required for protein synthesis.

G1 and G2 Phase:
In the G1 and G2 phases of the cell cycle, the cell prepares for cell division. This includes the synthesis of proteins needed for various cellular functions. RNA synthesis continues during these phases to ensure an adequate supply of RNA for protein synthesis.

Interphase:
Interphase is the phase of the cell cycle between cell divisions. It consists of the G1, S, and G2 phases. During interphase, RNA synthesis is crucial for the production of messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) needed for protein synthesis. Protein synthesis also occurs during interphase to maintain cellular functions.

M Phase:
The M phase, or mitotic phase, is when the cell undergoes cell division. During this phase, RNA and protein synthesis are temporarily halted as the cell focuses on segregating its duplicated chromosomes and dividing into two daughter cells.

In conclusion, RNA and protein synthesis occur throughout the cell cycle, with RNA synthesis playing a critical role in providing the necessary molecules for protein synthesis. These processes are tightly regulated to ensure proper cell growth, division, and function.