Which of the following sources of energy are used by chemosynthetic autotrophs to create food:a)Light energyb)Chemical energyc)Bioenergyd)Thermal EnergyCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

Chemosynthetic autotrophs use chemical energy to create food:

Chemosynthetic autotrophs are organisms that produce their own food using inorganic chemicals as a source of energy. They do not rely on sunlight for energy, unlike photosynthetic autotrophs. Chemosynthetic autotrophs are commonly found in environments such as deep-sea hydrothermal vents, where sunlight cannot penetrate.

Process of chemosynthesis:
- Chemosynthetic autotrophs use the energy obtained from chemical reactions involving inorganic compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, methane, or ammonia to produce organic molecules.
- The primary reaction involved in chemosynthesis is the oxidation of these inorganic compounds, which releases energy that is used to create ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the energy currency of cells.
- This ATP is then used in the process of carbon fixation, where carbon dioxide is converted into organic compounds like sugars and amino acids.

Comparison with photosynthesis:
- While photosynthetic autotrophs use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, oxygen, and ATP, chemosynthetic autotrophs use chemical energy from inorganic compounds instead.
- Chemosynthesis is typically found in environments where sunlight is not available, such as deep-sea hydrothermal vents, cold seeps, and some caves.

Overall, chemosynthetic autotrophs rely on chemical energy to create food, allowing them to thrive in environments where sunlight is scarce or nonexistent.

Answer

Different nutritional strategies are used by bacteria, including photosynthetic, chemosynthetic, saprophytic, and parasitic. Chemosynthetic autotrophs use organic materials as sources of energy to manufacture their own meal. These organic materials have energy stored in the form of chemical energy which is converted to a simple form through enzymatic degradation into an energy form that can be utilized by the cells for growth and division.

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