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The maintenance of constant temperature inside the body is an example of
- a)Homoeostasis
- b)Negative feedback loop
- c)Both A and B
- d)None of these
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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The maintenance of constant temperature inside the body is an example ...
Most biological feedback systems are negative feedback systems. Negative feedback occurs when a system’s output acts to reduce or dampen the processes that lead to the output of that system, resulting in less output. In general, negative feedback loops allow systems to self-stabilize. Negative feedback is a vital control mechanism for the body’s homeostasis.This is an important example of how a negative feedback loop maintains homeostasis is the body’s thermoregulation mechanism. The body maintains a relatively constant internal temperature to optimize chemical processes. Neural impulses from heat-sensitive thermoreceptors in the body signal the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus, located in the brain, compares the body temperature to a set point value.
When body temperature drops, the hypothalamus initiates several physiological responses to increase heat production and conserve heat:
1. Narrowing of surface blood vessels (vasoconstriction) decreases the flow of heat to the skin.
2. Shivering commences, increasing production of heat by the muscles.
3. Adrenal glands secrete stimulatory hormones such as norepinephrine and epinephrine to increase metabolic rates and hence heat production.
These effects cause body temperature to increase. When it returns to normal, the hypothalamus is no longer stimulated, and these effects cease.
When body temperature rises, the hypothalamus initiates several physiological responses to decrease heat production and lose heat:
1. Widening of surface blood vessels (vasodilation) increases the flow of heat to the skin and get flushed.
2. Sweat glands release water (sweat) and evaporation cools the skin.
These effects cause body temperature to decrease. When it returns to normal, the hypothalamus is no longer stimulated, and these effects cease.
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The maintenance of constant temperature inside the body is an example ofa)Homoeostasisb)Negative feedback loopc)Both A and Bd)None of theseCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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