Raw Materials Required for Craft Production in the Harappan Civilization:
- Copper
- Gold
- Silver
- Semi-precious stones
- Clay
- Stone
- Wood
- Shell

Obtaining Raw Materials:

Copper:
Copper was a crucial raw material for craft production in the Harappan civilization. It was likely obtained from the Khetri mines in present-day Rajasthan, India, as well as from the Oman region.

Gold and Silver:
Gold and silver were also important raw materials for craft production. These precious metals may have been acquired through trade with regions like Central Asia, Afghanistan, and South India.

Semi-precious Stones:
Semi-precious stones such as carnelian, lapis lazuli, and agate were used in jewelry making and other crafts. These stones were likely sourced from regions like Gujarat, Afghanistan, and Central Asia.

Clay:
Clay was readily available along the banks of the Indus River and its tributaries. It was used for making pottery and other ceramic objects.

Stone:
Various types of stones like steatite and limestone were used for carving seals, beads, and other artifacts. These stones were probably obtained from local quarries.

Wood:
Wood was essential for making tools, furniture, and other wooden artifacts. It may have been sourced from nearby forests or through trade with regions like the Himalayas.

Shell:
Shell was used for making bangles, ornaments, and other decorative items. It was likely obtained from coastal areas through trade or from local sources.
In conclusion, the raw materials required for craft production in the Harappan civilization were obtained through a combination of local sources, trade networks, and possibly long-distance contacts. The availability of these raw materials played a significant role in the development of sophisticated craft techniques and the creation of exquisite artifacts during this ancient civilization.