Main Features of Mauryan Administration:
- Centralized Administration: The Mauryan Empire had a highly centralized administration with a strong central authority. The king was the supreme ruler and had control over all aspects of governance.
- Division of Territory: The empire was divided into provinces known as 'Janapadas' which were further divided into districts for efficient administration.
- Administrative Units: The empire was divided into administrative units known as 'Bhukti', 'Vishaya', and 'Sthan'. Each unit had its own administrative head responsible for governance.
- Mauryan Officials: The administration had various officials like 'Sthanapalas' (district officers), 'Dhamma Mahamatras' (enforcers of Dhamma), and 'Yuktas' (revenue officers) who helped in the smooth functioning of the empire.
- Revenue System: The Mauryan administration had a well-organized revenue system where land revenue was the primary source of income for the state. The revenue officials were responsible for collecting taxes from the peasants.
- Law and Order: The administration maintained law and order through a system of spies and informers who reported any anti-state activities. There were also judicial officers who administered justice according to the laws of the land.
- Royal Inscriptions: The Mauryan administration used royal inscriptions to communicate the king's policies and decrees to the people. These inscriptions were written on rocks and pillars across the empire.
- Public Works: The administration undertook various public works projects like building roads, water reservoirs, and irrigation systems to improve the infrastructure of the empire.
The Mauryan administration was known for its efficient governance, centralized authority, and emphasis on welfare and development.