Which ion holds the ribosomal subunits togethera)Ca+2b)Mn+2c)Mg+2d)Na+Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

Owing to its abundance and highest charge density among all biological ions, magnesium is most suitable for neutralizing the negative charge density of RNA nucleotide backbone. Ribosomal subunits associate to form complete ribosome in presence of Mg ion.

Answer

Mg+² is correct.....

Answer

Ribosomes are composed of two subunits known as large and small, which unites to form the active ribosome during the process of protein synthesis. The increased concentration of Mg+2 leads to association of both the units while the decreased concentration favours the dissociation of the units.

Answer

The correct answer is option 'C) Mg2+'.

Ribosomes are large molecular complexes responsible for protein synthesis in cells. They consist of two subunits, the small subunit and the large subunit, which come together to form a functional ribosome. The binding and assembly of these subunits are essential for the proper functioning of ribosomes.

Mg2+ ion plays a crucial role in holding the ribosomal subunits together. Here's an explanation of why Mg2+ is involved in this process:

1. Role of Mg2+ in RNA stability:
- Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. Mg2+ ions stabilize the structure of rRNA by forming ionic interactions with the negatively charged phosphate groups of the RNA backbone.
- These interactions help maintain the proper folding and stability of rRNA, which is necessary for the correct assembly of ribosomal subunits.

2. Mg2+ bridges between subunits:
- The small and large ribosomal subunits associate with each other to form a functional ribosome.
- Mg2+ ions can form bridges between the subunits, facilitating their interaction and maintaining their proper alignment.
- These bridges are formed by coordination of Mg2+ ions with specific residues in the ribosomal RNA and proteins, enhancing the stability of the ribosomal complex.

3. Role of Mg2+ in protein binding:
- Ribosomal subunits contain numerous proteins that are involved in various functions during protein synthesis.
- Mg2+ ions can interact with these proteins, helping to stabilize their structure and facilitate their binding to the ribosomal subunits.
- This interaction between Mg2+ ions and proteins is critical for the proper assembly and functioning of ribosomes.

In summary, Mg2+ ions play a crucial role in holding ribosomal subunits together by stabilizing the structure of ribosomal RNA, forming bridges between subunits, and facilitating protein binding. Without Mg2+, the proper assembly and functioning of ribosomes would be compromised, leading to defects in protein synthesis and cellular processes.

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