Checks and balances is a system of power sharing that ensures that no single branch of government becomes too powerful and can prevent the abuse of power. It is an important feature of a democratic system. The correct answer to the question is option 'C', not option 'A'. The system of power sharing known as checks and balances is the separation of powers. Here is an explanation of the answer:

Separation of Powers:
The separation of powers is a system where the powers of the government are divided among three branches - the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. Each branch has its own distinct powers and responsibilities, and they act as checks and balances on each other to prevent the concentration of power in any one branch.

- Legislative Branch: The legislative branch is responsible for making laws. It consists of the parliament or the legislature, which is elected by the people. The legislature has the power to make and amend laws, approve the budget, and exercise oversight over the executive branch.

- Executive Branch: The executive branch is responsible for implementing and enforcing laws. It is headed by the President or the Prime Minister, who is elected by the people or appointed by the legislature. The executive branch has the power to execute laws, make decisions, and administer the government.

- Judicial Branch: The judicial branch is responsible for interpreting laws and ensuring their constitutionality. It comprises the courts and judges, who are independent of the executive and legislative branches. The judiciary has the power to settle disputes, protect individual rights, and interpret the constitution.

Checks and Balances:
In the system of separation of powers, each branch of government has certain powers that act as checks and balances on the other branches. This ensures that no one branch becomes too powerful and can abuse its authority. Here are some examples of checks and balances:

- The legislative branch can pass laws, but the executive branch can veto them. However, the legislature can override the veto with a two-thirds majority vote.

- The executive branch can propose laws, but the legislature must approve them. The legislature can also impeach the President or Prime Minister for misconduct.

- The judicial branch can declare laws unconstitutional, but the legislature can amend the constitution to overturn the court's decision.

- The executive branch appoints judges, but the judiciary can check the executive's power by striking down executive actions that are unconstitutional.

These checks and balances ensure that power is shared among the three branches of government, preventing any one branch from becoming too dominant and protecting the rights and freedoms of the people.