British artists introduced the use of watercolours and oil paints in India for the first time.

Explanation:

British artists played a significant role in introducing the use of watercolours and oil paints in India. During the British colonial period, several British artists came to India and brought with them their artistic techniques and materials.

1. British Influence on Indian Art:
- The British had a strong influence on Indian art during their rule in India. They established art schools and academies, which encouraged the adoption of European painting techniques.
- British artists, trained in Western art traditions, introduced new mediums like watercolours and oil paints to Indian artists.

2. Introduction of Watercolours:
- Watercolours were introduced to India by British artists in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
- Watercolours became popular due to their ease of use, portability, and vibrant colours. They were used for landscape paintings, botanical illustrations, and capturing the essence of Indian culture and society.

3. Introduction of Oil Paints:
- Oil paints were also introduced by British artists in India. Oil painting is a technique where pigments are mixed with a drying oil, usually linseed oil, to create vibrant and long-lasting colours.
- Oil paints allowed artists to create highly detailed and realistic paintings. They were used for portraits, historical scenes, and religious subjects.

4. Influence on Indian Artists:
- Indian artists, initially trained in traditional Indian art forms like miniature painting and mural painting, started adopting Western techniques under the influence of British artists.
- The use of watercolours and oil paints opened up new possibilities for Indian artists, allowing them to experiment with different styles and subjects.
- This fusion of Indian and Western artistic traditions resulted in the emergence of a distinct genre known as the Bengal School of Art, which combined Indian themes with Western techniques.

In conclusion, it was the British artists who introduced the use of watercolours and oil paints in India. Their influence played a significant role in shaping the development of Indian art during the colonial period, leading to the fusion of Indian and Western artistic traditions.