Why RNA not follow Chargaff's equivalent rule ?

Question

Answer

Because RNA have a single strand and chargaff's rule is applicable for complementary sequence of base pair like A-T, G-C and mainly thyamine is absent in RNA...

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Because it is single stranded and not have complementary base pairing and thus it will not follow chargeff's rule

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Because most of the RNA are single stranded chargaff rule is for double stranded DNA...

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Rna not follow Chargaff's equivalent rule because rna is single stranded and its not stable as well as dna and in this complimentary base pair is not present like dns like A-T , G-C

Answer

Introduction:

Chargaff's equivalent rule states that in DNA, the amount of adenine (A) is equal to thymine (T), and the amount of cytosine (C) is equal to guanine (G). This rule implies that the base composition of DNA is symmetrical. However, RNA does not strictly follow Chargaff's rule. In this response, we will explain why RNA does not follow this rule in detail.

Genetic Material:

- The genetic material in most organisms is DNA, which carries the hereditary information.
- DNA is composed of nucleotide building blocks, which consist of a sugar molecule (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (A, T, C, or G).

RNA:

- RNA (ribonucleic acid) is another type of nucleic acid that plays multiple roles in the cell.
- It is single-stranded and contains the sugar ribose instead of deoxyribose.
- RNA also contains the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), and guanine (G), but instead of thymine (T), it contains uracil (U).

Reasons why RNA does not follow Chargaff's equivalent rule:

1. RNA can have varying base composition:

- Unlike DNA, RNA does not have a consistent and symmetrical base composition.
- The amount of A, C, G, and U in RNA can vary, and there is no strict rule governing their proportions.

2. RNA undergoes various modifications:

- RNA molecules can undergo post-transcriptional modifications, such as editing, splicing, and alternative polyadenylation.
- These modifications can lead to changes in the base composition of RNA, making it deviate from the expected ratios of Chargaff's rule.

3. RNA is involved in diverse functions:

- Unlike DNA, which primarily serves as the genetic material, RNA has various roles in the cell, including protein synthesis, gene regulation, and catalysis.
- These different functions of RNA may require variations in its base composition, leading to deviations from Chargaff's rule.

Conclusion:

In summary, RNA does not follow Chargaff's equivalent rule due to its varying base composition, post-transcriptional modifications, and diverse functions. Unlike DNA, RNA does not have a symmetrical base pairing pattern, and the amounts of A, C, G, and U can differ in RNA molecules. Understanding these differences is crucial in comprehending the unique properties and functions of RNA in cellular processes.

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