Mesosomes of prokaryotes perform function similar to :-[West Bengal 2007]a)Mitochondriab)Peroxysomesc)Lysosomesd)RibosomesCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

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Answer

Answer

Mesosome perform several function and of it's function is respiration which is also the function of mitochondria hence answr is mitochondria

Answer

Mesomes of prokaryotes perform function similar to Mitochondria.
Mesosomes are areas in cell membrane of prokaryotic cells that folds inward . They play a role in cellular respiration , the process that breaksdown food to release energy.
In Eukaryotes , the majority of this process occurs in mitochondria . The third , and final step of cellular respiration occurs in space between the 2 membranes of mitochondria. This step is critical to the cell as most of energy from food is released during this stage.
Since prokaryotes donot contain membrane bound organelles , they need a different approach . Instead , they use the mesosome as a site for electron transport chain.

Answer

Mesosomes of prokaryotes perform functions similar to mitochondria.

The mesosomes in prokaryotes are invaginations of the plasma membrane that perform various functions similar to mitochondria in eukaryotes. Here are the key points explaining the similarity:

- Energy production: Both mesosomes and mitochondria are involved in energy production.
- Respiration: Mesosomes provide a large surface area for respiration, just like mitochondria.
- ATP synthesis: Mesosomes, like mitochondria, are involved in ATP synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation.
- Electron transport chain: Both mesosomes and mitochondria have an electron transport chain that generates ATP.
- Protein synthesis: Mesosomes, similar to mitochondria, contain ribosomes that are involved in protein synthesis.
- Cellular metabolism: Mesosomes, like mitochondria, play a role in the metabolism of macromolecules such as lipids and carbohydrates.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A: Mesosomes of prokaryotes perform functions similar to mitochondria in eukaryotes.

Answer

Mesosomes of Prokaryotes

Mesosomes are membrane invaginations found in prokaryotic cells, particularly in bacteria. They were first observed by electron microscopy and were initially thought to be a distinct organelle. However, further research has shown that mesosomes are not true organelles but rather invaginations of the plasma membrane.

Functions of Mesosomes

Mesosomes have been implicated in several cellular processes and are thought to perform functions similar to mitochondria in eukaryotic cells. The exact functions of mesosomes are still a subject of debate, but some proposed functions include:

1. Respiration: Mesosomes have been suggested to play a role in cellular respiration, similar to mitochondria. They provide a large surface area for respiratory enzymes, such as electron transport chain components, to be embedded, allowing for efficient ATP production.

2. Cell Division: Mesosomes are involved in cell division in some bacteria. They help in the formation of the septum, which divides the cell into two daughter cells during binary fission.

3. DNA Replication: Mesosomes have also been implicated in DNA replication. It has been suggested that they may participate in the segregation of DNA during replication and help in the organization of the replication machinery.

4. Enzyme Localization: Mesosomes may serve as sites for enzyme localization and concentration. They can provide a favorable environment for specific enzymatic reactions, allowing for efficient metabolic processes.

5. Cellular Transport: Mesosomes may be involved in cellular transport processes, such as the uptake of nutrients and the export of molecules from the cell.

Conclusion

Mesosomes are membrane invaginations found in prokaryotic cells, particularly bacteria. While their exact functions are still under investigation, they are believed to perform functions similar to mitochondria in eukaryotic cells. These functions include respiration, cell division, DNA replication, enzyme localization, and cellular transport. However, it is important to note that the existence and functions of mesosomes are still a topic of debate, and further research is needed to fully understand their role in prokaryotic cells.

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