**How Antacids Work**

Antacids are commonly used medications that help alleviate symptoms associated with acid reflux, heartburn, and indigestion. These conditions occur when there is an excess of acid in the stomach, leading to discomfort and a burning sensation. Antacids work by neutralizing the excess stomach acid, providing relief from these symptoms. Let's explore in detail how antacids work:

**1. Introduction to Antacids:**
Antacids are over-the-counter medications that are available in various forms such as tablets, liquids, and chewable tablets. They contain alkaline compounds, primarily magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate, or sodium bicarbonate. These compounds work by neutralizing the excess stomach acid, raising the pH level in the stomach.

**2. Mechanism of Action:**
When antacids are ingested, they react with the stomach acid, which is primarily hydrochloric acid (HCl). The alkaline compounds in antacids, such as magnesium hydroxide or aluminum hydroxide, combine with the acid to form water and a salt. This chemical reaction reduces the acidity of the stomach contents, thereby providing relief from symptoms.

**3. Neutralizing Acid:**
The primary function of antacids is to neutralize the excess stomach acid. The pH scale measures the acidity or alkalinity of a substance, with 7 being neutral. Stomach acid has a pH of around 1-3, which is highly acidic. Antacids raise the pH level closer to neutral, reducing the acidity and providing relief.

**4. Protective Coating:**
In addition to neutralizing acid, antacids can also form a protective coating on the inner lining of the stomach and esophagus. This coating helps shield the delicate tissues from the corrosive effects of acid reflux. Substances like aluminum hydroxide can provide a protective barrier, preventing further damage and reducing the symptoms of heartburn.

**5. Short-Term Relief:**
Antacids provide short-term relief from symptoms, typically lasting for a few hours. They act quickly to neutralize the excess acid and alleviate discomfort. However, antacids do not address the underlying cause of acid reflux or indigestion. If symptoms persist or worsen, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.

In conclusion, antacids work by neutralizing excess stomach acid, raising the pH level, and providing short-term relief from symptoms associated with acid reflux, heartburn, and indigestion. They can also form a protective coating on the stomach and esophagus, reducing further damage. However, it is important to use antacids as directed and consult a healthcare professional if symptoms persist or worsen.

HCl present in the stomach helps in the digestion of food . during indigestion the stomach produces too much acid , it causes pain and irritation . to correct the disturb PH range we take basic medicine such as milk of magnesia is used as a medicine ,which is also called antacid as it reduces the effect of acid.