Option B is correct it can absorb water upto 18 times of its body weight. it is has economical importance.its helps in production of peat. it is also called as bog moss.

Answer:

Introduction:
Bryophytes are non-vascular plants that belong to the division Bryophyta. They are small, herbaceous plants that lack true roots, stems, and leaves. They are generally found in moist habitats and require water for their reproductive processes. One important characteristic of bryophytes is their ability to absorb and retain water.

Sphagnum:
Sphagnum is a genus of mosses commonly known as peat moss. It is a type of bryophyte that has unique water-absorbing capabilities. Sphagnum moss can absorb water up to 18 times its own weight. This remarkable ability is due to the structure and properties of its cells.

Structure of Sphagnum Moss:
Sphagnum moss has a unique structure that allows it to absorb and retain large amounts of water. It consists of a loose arrangement of cells that are interconnected and form a sponge-like structure. The cells have large, empty spaces that can hold water.

Water Absorption Mechanism:
The water absorption mechanism of Sphagnum moss involves the capillary action and the high water-holding capacity of its cells.

Capillary Action:
Capillary action is the ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces against the force of gravity. Sphagnum moss has capillary tubes within its cells that enable it to draw water from the surrounding environment. These capillary tubes have a narrow diameter, which allows water to move upwards through the moss.

Water-Holding Capacity:
The cells of Sphagnum moss have a high water-holding capacity due to their unique structure. The large, empty spaces within the cells can hold a significant amount of water. This enables the moss to absorb water and retain it for extended periods.

Adaptations for Water Absorption:
Sphagnum moss has specific adaptations that enhance its water absorption capabilities. These adaptations include:

1. Hyaline cells: Sphagnum moss has hyaline cells that are transparent and have thin cell walls. These cells can absorb and retain a large amount of water.

2. Large surface area: The moss has a large surface area due to the branching and overlapping of its stems and leaves. This increases the contact area with water and enhances water absorption.

3. Acidic environment: Sphagnum moss creates an acidic environment around it by releasing hydrogen ions. This helps to prevent the growth of other plants and allows the moss to retain water.

Conclusion:
Sphagnum moss, a type of bryophyte, has the ability to absorb water up to 18 times its own weight. This remarkable water-absorbing capacity is due to its unique structure, including capillary tubes and cells with high water-holding capacity. Sphagnum moss has specific adaptations that enhance its water absorption capabilities, making it an important component of wetland ecosystems.