It form the Basic salt which is alkaline.
40ml of 0.10m = 4
10ml of 0.45m =4.5
therefore, 4.5 is greater
hence NaOH is powerful than HCL
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**Calculating the moles of HCl and NaOH**

To determine the pH of the solution formed by mixing HCl and NaOH, we first need to calculate the moles of HCl and NaOH in the solution.

We can use the equation:

Moles = Concentration (M) x Volume (L)

For HCl:
Moles of HCl = 0.10 M x 0.040 L = 0.004 moles

For NaOH:
Moles of NaOH = 0.45 M x 0.010 L = 0.0045 moles

**Determining the limiting reactant**

To determine the limiting reactant, we compare the moles of HCl and NaOH. The reactant that produces fewer moles is the limiting reactant.

In this case, both HCl and NaOH have equal moles (0.004 moles), so there is no limiting reactant.

**Calculating the excess reactant**

Since there is no limiting reactant, both HCl and NaOH will react completely. However, there will be an excess of one of the reactants.

To determine the amount of excess reactant, we subtract the moles of the limiting reactant from the moles of the other reactant.

For HCl:
Excess moles of HCl = Moles of HCl - Moles of NaOH = 0.004 moles - 0.004 moles = 0 moles

For NaOH:
Excess moles of NaOH = Moles of NaOH - Moles of HCl = 0.0045 moles - 0.004 moles = 0.0005 moles

**Calculating the concentration of the excess reactant**

To calculate the concentration of the excess reactant, we divide the moles of the excess reactant by the total volume of the solution.

For HCl:
Concentration of HCl = Excess moles of HCl / Total volume of solution = 0 moles / (40 mL + 10 mL) = 0 M

For NaOH:
Concentration of NaOH = Excess moles of NaOH / Total volume of solution = 0.0005 moles / (40 mL + 10 mL) = 0.0005 M

**Calculating the concentration of OH- ions**

Since NaOH is a strong base, it completely dissociates in water to produce Na+ and OH- ions. Therefore, the concentration of OH- ions in the solution is equal to the concentration of NaOH.

Concentration of OH- ions = Concentration of NaOH = 0.0005 M

**Calculating the concentration of H+ ions**

Since HCl is a strong acid, it also completely dissociates in water to produce H+ and Cl- ions. Therefore, the concentration of H+ ions in the solution is equal to the concentration of HCl.

Concentration of H+ ions = Concentration of HCl = 0.10 M

**Calculating the pH**

The pH of a solution can be calculated using the formula:

pH = -log[H+]

In this case, the concentration of H+ ions is 0.10 M.

pH = -log(0.10) = 1

Therefore, the pH of the solution formed by mixing 40 mL of 0