Main diff. is in back bonding pai bond is formed and in coordinate bond sigma bond is formed

Back Bonding vs Coordinated Bonding

Introduction:
Back bonding and coordinated bonding are two types of chemical bonding that are often confused with each other. Although they are similar in some ways, there are some key differences that distinguish them from each other.

Back Bonding:
Back bonding is also known as π or pi back bonding. It is a type of bonding in which the electrons from the filled d-orbitals of a metal ion are donated to an empty π-antibonding orbital of a ligand. This type of bonding is commonly observed in transition metal complexes. Back bonding is important because it helps to stabilize the metal-ligand bond, and it can also affect the reactivity and electronic properties of the complex.

Coordinated Bonding:
Coordinated bonding, on the other hand, refers to the formation of a bond between a metal ion and a ligand. In this type of bonding, a ligand donates a pair of electrons to a metal ion, forming a coordinate covalent bond. The resulting complex is often referred to as a coordination compound. Coordinated bonds are typically very strong, and they can be used to stabilize the metal ion in a complex.

Differences:
There are several key differences between back bonding and coordinated bonding:

1. In back bonding, the electrons flow from the metal ion to the ligand, while in coordinated bonding, the electrons flow from the ligand to the metal ion.
2. Back bonding involves the donation of electrons from the filled d-orbitals of a metal ion to an empty π-antibonding orbital of a ligand, while coordinated bonding involves the donation of a pair of electrons from a ligand to a metal ion.
3. Back bonding is often observed in transition metal complexes, while coordinated bonding can occur in a wide range of compounds, including organic and inorganic compounds.
4. Back bonding can affect the electronic properties and reactivity of a complex, while coordinated bonding primarily serves to stabilize the metal ion in a complex.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, back bonding and coordinated bonding are two types of chemical bonding that are important in the formation and stabilization of coordination compounds. While they are similar in some ways, they have some key differences that distinguish them from each other. Understanding these differences is important for understanding the properties and behavior of coordination compounds.