Reasons for Declaring Regions as Biodiversity "Hotspots"
- Biodiversity hotspots are regions that are characterized by high levels of species diversity and endemism but are also under threat from human activities such as deforestation, habitat destruction, and climate change.
- Environmentalists identify these hotspots as priority areas for conservation efforts due to their unique ecological significance and the high risk of losing species if urgent action is not taken to protect them.

Two Biodiversity "Hotspot" Regions in India
1. Western Ghats:
- The Western Ghats is one of the eight hottest hotspots in the world, known for its rich biodiversity and high levels of endemism.
- It is home to a wide variety of plant and animal species, including several endangered and endemic species.
- Threats such as deforestation, habitat fragmentation, and climate change have put immense pressure on the biodiversity of this region, making it a priority area for conservation efforts.
2. Eastern Himalayas:
- The Eastern Himalayas is another biodiversity hotspot in India, known for its unique ecosystems and high levels of species diversity.
- This region is home to a diverse range of flora and fauna, including many endemic species that are found nowhere else in the world.
- Human activities such as deforestation, poaching, and infrastructure development pose significant threats to the biodiversity of the Eastern Himalayas, highlighting the need for conservation measures to protect this valuable ecosystem.
In conclusion, the designation of certain regions as biodiversity hotspots serves as a call to action for conservationists and policymakers to prioritize the protection of these ecologically important areas before it's too late.