Its b...a fundamental unit in the phylogeny of organisms...as its the basic unit of classification..

Answer:

A species is taxonomically defined as a group of organisms that share similar characteristics and can interbreed to produce fertile offspring. This definition is based on the concept of biological species, which emphasizes reproductive isolation as a key factor in defining species boundaries.

1. Taxonomic Classification:
Taxonomy is the branch of biology that deals with the classification, identification, and naming of organisms. It provides a hierarchical system for organizing and categorizing species based on their evolutionary relationships. Species are considered as fundamental units in taxonomy and serve as a basis for classifying and studying different groups of organisms.

2. Group of Evolutionary Related Population:
A species is a group of evolutionary related populations. Populations within a species share a common gene pool and undergo genetic variation over time. Through the process of natural selection and genetic drift, populations can diverge and eventually become reproductively isolated, leading to the formation of distinct species.

3. Fundamental Unit in Phylogeny:
Phylogeny is the evolutionary history and relationships of organisms. Species play a crucial role in constructing phylogenetic trees, which illustrate the evolutionary connections between different taxa. Species are the nodes in these trees, representing the branches of evolutionary divergence and the common ancestors from which they originated.

4. Classical Evolutionary Taxonomy:
Species are the focal point of classical evolutionary taxonomy, which aims to classify organisms based on their similarities and differences. Taxonomists use various morphological, anatomical, and genetic characteristics to determine species boundaries and assign organisms to their respective taxa.

5. Community as an Evolutionary Base:
A species can also be considered as a community taken into consideration as an evolutionary base. Within a species, individuals interact and compete with each other, leading to further adaptation and evolution. As a community, a species acts as a unit in responding to environmental changes, evolving new traits, and driving the overall evolutionary process.

In conclusion, taxonomically, a species is a group of evolutionarily related populations that serve as a fundamental unit in the phylogeny of organisms. It is the focus of classical evolutionary taxonomy and acts as a community that evolves and adapts to its environment. Understanding species and their relationships is crucial for studying biodiversity, conservation, and the overall understanding of the tree of life.