Chromosome Theory of Inheritance:

The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance was proposed by Sutton and Boveri in 1902. They observed that chromosomes are the carriers of genetic information and their behaviour during cell division influenced the inheritance of traits.

Explanation:

- Sutton and Boveri proposed that chromosomes are the carriers of genetic information from one generation to another.
- They observed that chromosomes exist in pairs in diploid cells, and each parent contributes one chromosome from each pair to their offspring.
- During cell division, chromosomes segregate and are distributed equally to daughter cells, ensuring that each cell receives a complete set of chromosomes.
- Sutton and Boveri also observed that the behaviour of chromosomes during cell division influenced the inheritance of traits.
- They proposed that genes are located on chromosomes and their distribution during cell division determines the inheritance pattern of traits.
- The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance provided a unifying explanation for the observations made by Mendel and other geneticists, and helped to establish genetics as a scientific discipline.

Conclusion:

Sutton and Boveri's Chromosome Theory of Inheritance revolutionized the field of genetics and paved the way for further discoveries in the field. Their observations provided strong evidence for the role of chromosomes in inheritance and established a link between the behaviour of chromosomes during cell division and the inheritance of traits.

Theodor Boveri and Walter Sutton are the scientists credited with an extension of Mendel's laws, known as the chromosome theory of inheritance.

Hence the correct option is c)