Transformation of Darul Harb into Dar-ul-Islam was the aim of Aurangzeb, the Mughal emperor who ruled from 1658 to 1707.

Background:
- Darul Harb refers to a non-Muslim country where Islam does not hold supreme authority.
- Dar-ul-Islam, on the other hand, refers to a realm where Islamic law and governance prevail.

Aurangzeb's Policies:
1. Religious Conservatism: Aurangzeb was known for his strict adherence to Islamic principles and his desire to establish a more orthodox form of Islam.
2. Intolerance Towards Other Religions: Aurangzeb's policies were marked by a lack of religious tolerance, as he sought to promote Islam and suppress other faiths, particularly Hinduism.
3. Reimposition of Jizya: Jizya was a tax imposed on non-Muslims in previous Mughal reigns. Aurangzeb reinstated this tax, which was seen as a discriminatory measure against non-Muslims.
4. Destruction of Temples: Aurangzeb ordered the destruction of many Hindu temples and the construction of mosques in their place, further alienating non-Muslims.
5. Enforcement of Sharia Law: Aurangzeb aimed to implement strict Islamic law and governance throughout the empire. He banned various cultural practices, such as music and dance, that he considered un-Islamic.

Impact:
Aurangzeb's policies had significant consequences:
1. Rise in Religious Tensions: His emphasis on Islamic orthodoxy and suppression of other religions led to an increase in religious tensions and conflicts within the empire.
2. Alienation of Non-Muslim Subjects: The imposition of discriminatory measures and destruction of temples alienated the non-Muslim population, leading to resentment and resistance.
3. Decline of Mughal Empire: Aurangzeb's policies and the resulting social unrest weakened the unity and stability of the empire. This, combined with external pressures from regional powers, contributed to the eventual decline of the Mughal Empire.

In conclusion, Aurangzeb aimed to transform Darul Harb into Dar-ul-Islam by implementing strict Islamic law and suppressing other religions. However, his policies had negative consequences, including increased religious tensions and the decline of the Mughal Empire.