The enteronephric nephridia of earthworm are concerned with [2000]a)osmoregulationb)excretion of nitrogenous wastesc)digestiond)respirationCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

Enteronephric nephridia are septal and pharyngeal nephridia. They help in excretion of nirogenous waste.

osmoregulation can also be answer if b) is not given, as it means only body fluid in concentration is balanced.

Answer

The nephridia are the excretory organs. The nephridia in earthworm are – Septal nephridia, Pharyngeal nephridia and Integumentary nephridia. The septal nephridia do not discharge excretory fluid to the exterior rather it pour them into the intestine. Hence these are also called Enteronephric nephridia.

Answer

Enteronephric Nephridia of Earthworm

Enteronephric nephridia are a type of excretory organs found in earthworms. They play a crucial role in the excretion of nitrogenous wastes. Let's discuss in detail why the correct answer is option 'B'.

Excretion of Nitrogenous Wastes
Earthworms are known to excrete waste products such as nitrogenous compounds, mainly in the form of ammonia. These waste products are toxic and need to be eliminated from the body to maintain proper internal homeostasis. The enteronephric nephridia serve this purpose.

Structure of Enteronephric Nephridia
1. Nephridia are tubular structures present in segments of the earthworm's body.
2. Each nephridium consists of three main parts: the funnel, the tubule, and the bladder.
3. The funnel collects waste fluids from the coelomic cavity.
4. The tubule is a long and convoluted structure that runs through the body segment.
5. The bladder stores the excretory fluid before it is eliminated from the body through a pore called the nephridiopore.

Excretory Process
1. The nephridia collect waste products, including nitrogenous compounds, from the coelomic cavity through the funnel.
2. The tubule reabsorbs essential substances such as glucose and amino acids back into the body while allowing waste products to pass through.
3. Nitrogenous waste products, mainly in the form of ammonia, are actively transported into the tubule.
4. The tubule further concentrates the excretory fluid by reabsorbing water and ions.
5. The concentrated waste fluid is then stored in the bladder.
6. Finally, the waste fluid is eliminated from the body through the nephridiopore, located on the ventral side of each segment.

Conclusion
The enteronephric nephridia of earthworms are primarily concerned with the excretion of nitrogenous wastes. They collect waste fluids from the coelomic cavity, actively transport nitrogenous waste products into the tubule, concentrate the excretory fluid, and eliminate it from the body. This helps in maintaining proper internal homeostasis and preventing the accumulation of toxic waste products.

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