Kmno4 is one of the oxidising agent so its break isobutylenes double bond and o add to its place

Oxidation of Isobutylene with Acid Potassium Permanganate

Isobutylene, also known as 2-methylpropene, is an unsaturated hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C4H8. It is a colorless gas that is commonly used as a fuel and as a starting material in the production of various chemicals. When isobutylene is oxidized with acid potassium permanganate (KMnO4), it undergoes a reaction known as oxidative cleavage, resulting in the formation of two smaller molecules.

The reaction between isobutylene and acid potassium permanganate can be represented by the following balanced equation:

2 CH3C(CH3)2CH=CH2 + 2 KMnO4 + 3 H2SO4 → 2 CH3COOH + 2 CH3C(CH3)2COOH + 2 MnSO4 + K2SO4 + 3 H2O

Now, let's break down the reaction and explain it in detail:

1. Oxidation of Isobutylene:
Isobutylene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon, meaning it contains a double bond between two carbon atoms. Acid potassium permanganate is a strong oxidizing agent, capable of breaking the carbon-carbon double bond and introducing oxygen into the molecule. In the reaction, each isobutylene molecule is oxidized to form two carboxylic acids, acetic acid (CH3COOH), and isobutyric acid (CH3C(CH3)2COOH).

2. Oxidative Cleavage:
The oxidative cleavage of isobutylene involves the breaking of the carbon-carbon double bond and the formation of two new carbon-oxygen double bonds. This process results in the formation of two smaller molecules, acetic acid and isobutyric acid, which have one less carbon atom than the original isobutylene molecule.

3. Acidic Conditions:
The reaction requires the presence of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) as a catalyst. Sulfuric acid acts as a proton donor, providing the necessary acidic conditions for the reaction to occur. It also helps in the regeneration of the oxidizing agent by reducing the permanganate ion to manganese sulfate (MnSO4).

4. Formation of Byproducts:
As the reaction proceeds, potassium permanganate is reduced to manganese sulfate (MnSO4), and potassium sulfate (K2SO4) is formed as a byproduct. These compounds are usually present in the reaction mixture and can be separated from the desired products.

In summary, the oxidation of isobutylene with acid potassium permanganate results in the oxidative cleavage of the double bond, leading to the formation of acetic acid and isobutyric acid. The reaction takes place under acidic conditions and involves the reduction of potassium permanganate to manganese sulfate.